Heat-killed and live Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 exhibit similar effects on improving metabolic functions in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.

2018-02-16
Food & Function 7(5)
- Feng-Ching Hsieh
- C. Lan
- Tsui-Yin Huang
- Kuan-Wei Chen
- C. Chai
- Wan-Tzu Chen
- Ai-Hui Fang
- Yi-Hsing Chen
- Ching-Shuang Wu

PubMed: 27163114
DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01396h

Study Design

Type: Clinical Trial
Population: Male Sprague-Dawley rats
Methods: Controlled experimental study

Animal Study

Abstract

Our objective was to investigate and compare the effects of heat-killed (HK) and live Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 (Lr263) on insulin resistance and its related complications in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a HFD with either HK or live Lr263 for 12 weeks. The increases in the weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles in the serum and liver observed in the HFD group were significantly reduced after HK or live Lr263 administration. Feeding HK or live Lr263 reversed the decreased number of probiotic bacteria and increased the number of pathogenic bacteria induced by high-fat treatment. The decreased intestinal barrier in the HFD group was markedly reversed by HK or live Lr263 treatments. The elevations of pro-inflammatory associated gene expressions in both adipose and hepatic tissues by high-fat administration were markedly decreased by HK or live Lr263 treatments. The increased macrophage infiltration noticed in adipose tissue after high-fat treatment was effectively suppressed by HK or live Lr263 consumption. The insulin resistance associated gene expressions in both adipose and hepatic tissues, which were downregulated in the HFD group, were markedly enhanced after HK or live Lr263 administration. HK or live Lr263 consumption significantly decreased hepatic lipogenic gene expressions stimulated by high-fat treatment. Administration of HK or live Lr263 significantly reduced hepatic oil red O staining and ameliorated the hepatic steatosis observed in high-fat treated rats. Our data suggested that similar to live Lr263, HK Lr263 exerted significant effects on attenuating obesity-induced metabolic abnormalities by reducing insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis formation.

Research Insights

Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Enhanced Probiotic Bacteria Count
Feeding HK or live Lr263 reversed the decreased number of probiotic bacteria and increased the number of pathogenic bacteria induced by high-fat treatment.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Improved Blood Glucose Levels
The increases in the... serum glucose... observed in the HFD group were significantly reduced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Improved Insulin Sensitivity
The insulin resistance associated gene expressions in both adipose and hepatic tissues, which were downregulated in the HFD group, were markedly enhanced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
The decreased intestinal barrier in the HFD group was markedly reversed by HK or live Lr263 treatments.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Reduced Hepatic Lipid Synthesis
HK or live Lr263 consumption significantly decreased hepatic lipogenic gene expressions stimulated by high-fat treatment.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Reduced Hepatic Steatosis
Administration of HK or live Lr263 significantly reduced hepatic oil red O staining and ameliorated the hepatic steatosis observed in high-fat treated rats.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Reduced Inflammation Levels
The elevations of pro-inflammatory associated gene expressions in both adipose and hepatic tissues by high-fat administration were markedly decreased by HK or live Lr263 treatments.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Reduced Lipid Profiles
The increases in... lipid profiles in the serum and liver observed in the HFD group were significantly reduced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Reduced Macrophage Infiltration in Adipose Tissue
The increased macrophage infiltration noticed in adipose tissue after high-fat treatment was effectively suppressed by HK or live Lr263 consumption.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14R→Reduced Weight Gain
The increases in the weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles in the serum and liver observed in the HFD group were significantly reduced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Improved Insulin Sensitivity
The insulin resistance associated gene expressions in both adipose and hepatic tissues, which were downregulated in the HFD group, were markedly enhanced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Improved Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function
The decreased intestinal barrier in the HFD group was markedly reversed by HK or live Lr263 treatments.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Improved Lipid Levels
The increases in the weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles in the serum and liver observed in the HFD group were significantly reduced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Improved Serum Glucose Levels
The increases in the weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles in the serum and liver observed in the HFD group were significantly reduced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Increased Probiotic Bacterial Count
Feeding HK or live Lr263 reversed the decreased number of probiotic bacteria and increased the number of pathogenic bacteria induced by high-fat treatment.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Reduced Hepatic Steatosis
Administration of HK or live Lr263 significantly reduced hepatic oil red O staining and ameliorated the hepatic steatosis observed in high-fat treated rats.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Reduced Macrophage Infiltration in Adipose Tissue
The increased macrophage infiltration noticed in adipose tissue after high-fat treatment was effectively suppressed by HK or live Lr263 consumption.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16→Reduced Weight Gain
The increases in the weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles in the serum and liver observed in the HFD group were significantly reduced after HK or live Lr263 administration.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large