- 2025-07
- The Journal of nutrition 155(7)
- Anna Cherta-Murillo
- Hanyuan Xu
- Norman Moullan
- Monika Tadi
- Fang Huang
- Niranjana Kodakuthumparambil
- Vanessa Caroline Campos
- Jiahui Li
- Qu Fu
- Qiaoji Li
- Hao Huang
- Andreas Rytz
- Christian Darimont
- Wei Chen
Study Design
- Type
- Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
- Population
- 31 healthy adults (>45 y old)
- Methods
- A 2-arm, crossover, open-label, randomized controlled trial with 31 healthy adults (>45 y old) consuming either the supplemented milk (test product [TP]) or regular skimmed milk (control) with a standardized breakfast
- Blinding
- Open-label
- Funding
- Unclear
Background
High carbohydrate intake leading to increased postprandial glycemia is associated with type 2 diabetes. Particularly in China, prediabetes is highly prevalent (>40%) in adults (>40 y old). Bioactive ingredients such as mulberry leaf extract (MLE) lower glycemia and can be a good strategy to manage prediabetes, but its health effects when added to milk are poorly understood.Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the effect of a milk powder supplemented with MLE, vegetable oil, and inulin on glucose and insulin responses to a carbohydrate-rich meal compared with regular skimmed milk, in healthy middle-aged adults.Methods
A 2-arm, crossover, open-label, randomized controlled trial with 31 healthy adults (>45 y old) consuming either the supplemented milk (test product [TP]) or regular skimmed milk (control) with a standardized breakfast. Blood samples were collected to assess postprandial responses.Results
Twenty-eight subjects were analyzed. TP did not change glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUC0)-180 min (primary outcome) but significantly decreased glucose iAUC0-60 min by 25% compared with control. TP also significantly decreased insulin and c-peptide iAUC0-60 min by 22% and 18%, respectively, and for iAUC0-120 min by 16% and 11%, respectively. Plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide iAUC0-120 min and 0-180 min were also significantly decreased.Conclusions
As compared with regular skimmed milk, milk supplemented with MLE, vegetable oil, and inulin reduced early postprandial glucose and insulin responses in healthy adults of Chinese ethnicity, which could mitigate the risk of developing chronic diseases. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05570435.