Oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 improves biomarkers of metabolic syndrome in mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with wheat bran.

2021-03-23
Food & Function 11(5)
- R. Medina
- Matías Russo
- Antonela Marquez
- Héctor M. Herrera
- M. C. Abeijón-Mukdsi
- L. Saavedra
- E. Hebert
- Paola Gauffin-Cano

PubMed: 32421119
DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00730g

Study Design

Type: Clinical Trial
Sample size: n = 6
Population: Male Swiss albino mice with diet-induced Metabolic Syndrome
Methods: Controlled experimental study

Animal Study

Abstract

This work aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of probiotic Lactobacillus (L.) fermentum CRL1446, with feruloyl esterase (FE) activity, on metabolic biomarkers and intestinal microbiota of mice with high fat diet-induced Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and supplemented with wheat bran as a source of esterified ferulic acid. Six-week-old male Swiss albino mice developed the components of MS when fed with high fat diet supplemented with wheat bran (HFD + WB) for 14 weeks. Positive impact of L. fermentum CRL1446 administration on these animals was reflected in a decrease in body weight gain and adiposity index compared to the animals that did not receive the probiotic strain. In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed. On the other hand, L. fermentum CRL1446 reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, improving the HOMA index in mice with MS. Postprandial glucose levels were also reduced in the oral glucose tolerance test. Consumption of L. fermentum CRL1446 with HFD + WB (HFD + WB-Lf mice group) had a great impact on host metabolism, modulating intestinal microbiota, with an increase in Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Firmicutes abundance being observed. Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice. Results obtained suggest that supplementation with L. fermentum CRL1446 enhances beneficial effects of a bran diet, attenuating the risk factors associated with MS.

Research Insights

Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Elevated 3-Hydroxyphenylpropionic Acid Levels
Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Improved HOMA Index
On the other hand, L. fermentum CRL1446 reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, improving the HOMA index in mice with MS.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Improved Inflammatory Profile
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Improved Oxidative Status
Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Increased Butyric Acid Levels
Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Increased HDL Cholesterol Levels
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Increased Intestinal Ferrochelatase Activity
Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Fasting Blood Sugar Levels
On the other hand, L. fermentum CRL1446 reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, improving the HOMA index in mice with MS.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Fatty Infiltration in Hepatocytes
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Insulin Levels
On the other hand, L. fermentum CRL1446 reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, improving the HOMA index in mice with MS.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced LDL Cholesterol
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Plasma Leptin Levels
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Postprandial Glucose Levels
Postprandial glucose levels were also reduced in the oral glucose tolerance test.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Risk Factors for Multiple Sclerosis
Results obtained suggest that supplementation with L. fermentum CRL1446 enhances beneficial effects of a bran diet, attenuating the risk factors associated with MS.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Triglyceride Levels
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum LF61→Reduced Weight Gain
Positive impact of L. fermentum CRL1446 administration on these animals was reflected in a decrease in body weight gain and adiposity index compared to the animals that did not receive the probiotic strain.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Improved Inflammatory Profile
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Improved Insulin Sensitivity
On the other hand, L. fermentum CRL1446 reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, improving the HOMA index in mice with MS.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Improved Lipid Profile
...improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Improved Oxidative Status
Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Increased Butyric Acid Levels
Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Reduced Adiposity Index
Positive impact of L. fermentum CRL1446 administration on these animals was reflected in a decrease in body weight gain and adiposity index compared to the animals that did not receive the probiotic strain.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Reduced Body Weight
Positive impact of L. fermentum CRL1446 administration on these animals was reflected in a decrease in body weight gain and adiposity index compared to the animals that did not receive the probiotic strain.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Reduced Fasting Blood Sugar Levels
On the other hand, L. fermentum CRL1446 reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, improving the HOMA index in mice with MS.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Reduced Fatty Infiltration in Hepatocytes
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Reduced Insulin Levels
On the other hand, L. fermentum CRL1446 reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels, improving the HOMA index in mice with MS.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Reduced Plasma Leptin Levels
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum MAK20L13F→Reduced Postprandial Glucose Levels
Postprandial glucose levels were also reduced in the oral glucose tolerance test.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum UALf-32→Improved Glucose Tolerance
Postprandial glucose levels were also reduced in the oral glucose tolerance test.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum UALf-32→Improved Inflammatory Profile
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum UALf-32→Improved Lipid Profile
...improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum UALf-32→Reduced Plasma Leptin Levels
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus fermentum VPro 14→Improved Inflammatory Profile
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum VPro 14→Improved Lipid Profile
...improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum VPro 14→Improved Oxidative Status
Increased intestinal FE activity, improved oxidative status and increased abundance of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid and butyric acid concentration in colonic content, were also demonstrated in HFD + WB-Lf mice.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum VPro 14→Improved Postprandial Glucose Levels
Postprandial glucose levels were also reduced in the oral glucose tolerance test.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum VPro 14→Modulated Gut Microbiota
Consumption of L. fermentum CRL1446 with HFD + WB (HFD + WB-Lf mice group) had a great impact on host metabolism, modulating intestinal microbiota, with an increase in Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Firmicutes abundance being observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum VPro 14→Reduced Fatty Infiltration in Hepatocytes
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus fermentum VPro 14→Reduced Plasma Leptin Levels
In addition, a decrease in plasma leptin levels, improvement of inflammatory profile, reduction of fatty infiltration in hepatocytes and modification of lipid profile (increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels) were observed.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large