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Short-Term Hemodynamic Effects of Modern Wheat Products Substitution in Diet with Ancient Wheat Products: A Cross-Over, Randomized Clinical Trial.

  • 2018-11-04
  • Nutrients 10(11)
    • Arrigo F G Cicero
    • Federica Fogacci
    • Maddalena Veronesi
    • Elisa Grandi
    • Giovanni Dinelli
    • Silvana Hrelia
    • Claudio Borghi

Study Design

Type
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Population
63 non-diabetic healthy volunteers (aged 40–70 years) with systolic blood pressure (SBP) 130–139 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 85–90 mmHg
Methods
randomized, cross-over clinical trial
Duration
four weeks
  • Rigorous Journal
Recent evidence suggests that bioactive compounds isolated from cereals and legumes could exert some metabolic and vascular effects in humans. Due to the recent identification of a non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP2) in wheat with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, we aimed to comparatively test the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of ancient wheat foodstuffs (made of organic KAMUT® khorasan wheat) or modern wheat ones, made of a mixture of organic modern commercial durum (T. durum) varieties and soft wheat (T. aestivum), with different nsLTP2 content. Thus, we carried out a randomized, cross-over clinical trial on 63 non-diabetic healthy volunteers (aged 40⁻70 years) with systolic blood pressure (SBP) 130⁻139 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 85⁻90 mmHg (pre-hypertensive/borderline high pressure subjects). Each treatment period lasted four weeks. After ancient wheat foodstuffs intake, subjects experienced a significant improvement in triglycerides (-9.8% vs. baseline and -14.5% versus modern wheat), fasting plasma glucose (-4.3% versus baseline and -31.6% versus modern wheat), diurnal SBP (-3.1% vs. baseline and ⁻30.2% vs. modern wheat) and nocturnal SBP (-3.2% vs. baseline and -36.8% vs. modern wheat), and pulse volume change (+4.2% vs. baseline and +2.3% vs. modern wheat) (p < 0.05 vs. baseline and versus modern wheat foodstuffs intake). Therefore, our findings show that substituting modern wheat products in diet with ancient wheat ones, might exert a mild improvement in 24-h SBP and endothelial reactivity in pre-hypertensive healthy subjects.

Research Insights

  • Khorasan wheat→Improved Endothelial Reactivity

    After ancient wheat foodstuffs intake, subjects experienced a significant improvement in ... pulse volume change (+4.2% vs. baseline and +2.3% vs. modern wheat)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
  • Khorasan wheat→Improved Fasting Plasma Glucose

    After ancient wheat foodstuffs intake, subjects experienced a significant improvement in ... fasting plasma glucose (-4.3% versus baseline and -31.6% versus modern wheat)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Khorasan wheat→Reduced Systolic Blood Pressure

    After ancient wheat foodstuffs intake, subjects experienced a significant improvement in ... diurnal SBP (-3.1% vs. baseline and ⁻30.2% vs. modern wheat) and nocturnal SBP (-3.2% vs. baseline and -36.8% vs. modern wheat)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
  • Khorasan wheat→Reduced Triglyceride Levels

    After ancient wheat foodstuffs intake, subjects experienced a significant improvement in triglycerides (-9.8% vs. baseline and -14.5% versus modern wheat)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
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