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The effects of rice bran oil on left ventricular systolic function, cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory mediators in men with coronary artery disease: a randomized clinical trial.

  • 2021
  • Food & function 12(10)
    • Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan
    • Arsalan Salari
    • Zeinab Ghorbani
    • Zahra Nikpey
    • Motahare Haghighatkhah
    • Aboozar Fakhr Mousavi
    • Mahboobeh Gholipour
    • Amir Pourfarzad

Study Design

Type
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Sample size
n = 40
Population
40 men diagnosed with CAD (mean age = 55.76 years)
Methods
randomized controlled trial, two groups receiving either 30 grams per day of RBO (intervention group) or sunflower oil (control group) plus a standard diet for eight weeks
Blinding
Open-label
Duration
eight weeks
Funding
Unclear
  • Rigorous Journal

Background/objective

In the current study, we aimed to explore the effects of rice bran oil (RBO) in adjunct to conventional medical therapy on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiometabolic risk factors, and inflammatory mediators in male patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Subjects/methods

The present randomized controlled trial included 40 men diagnosed with CAD (mean age = 55.76 years) who were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 30 grams per day of RBO (intervention group) or sunflower oil (control group) plus a standard diet for eight weeks. At the initial visit, demographic and anthropometric data and blood samples were collected. LVEF levels and serum concentrations of lipid profile, glucose, uric acid, hs-CRP, and TNF-α were investigated.

Results

A total of 37 participants completed the study (n = 18 in the intervention group, n = 19 in the control group). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for baseline values, age and body mass index revealed that RBO significantly improved LVEF (51.34%) and reduced triglyceride (125.01 mg dl-1), blood sugar (110.4 mg dl-1), total cholesterol (123.01 mg dl-1) and low density lipoprotein (56.88 mg dl-1) levels compared to sunflower oil ((45.56%), (155.93 mg dl-1), (128.94 mg dl-1), (163.93 mg dl-1) and (83.79 mg dl-1), respectively) following a 8-week trial (P-values < 0.05). Additionally, the test demonstrated that RBO consuming patients had significantly lower levels of serum uric acid (4.60 mg dl-1), TNF-α (6.99 ng L-1) and hs-CRP (2.11 mg L-1) compared to the control group ((5.92 mg dl-1), (15.23 ng L-1), (4.47 mg L-1), respectively) (P-value < 0.05). However, no significant changes were found regarding weight, blood pressure or serum HDL levels throughout the trial.

Conclusion

Consumption of 30 grams per day RBO within a standard diet could be considered an effective non-pharmacological approach in improving LVEF, cardiometabolic risk factors, and inflammatory state in CAD. However, future trials are recommended for more clarification.

Research Insights

  • rice bran→Improved High-Density Lipoprotein Level

    However, no significant changes were found regarding weight, blood pressure or serum HDL levels throughout the trial.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Improved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

    RBO significantly improved LVEF (51.34%) and reduced triglyceride (125.01 mg dl-1), blood sugar (110.4 mg dl-1), total cholesterol (123.01 mg dl-1) and low density lipoprotein (56.88 mg dl-1) levels compared to sunflower oil ((45.56%), (155.93 mg dl-1), (128.94 mg dl-1), (163.93 mg dl-1) and (83.79 mg dl-1), respectively) following a 8-week trial (P-values < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Blood Cholesterol

    RBO significantly improved LVEF (51.34%) and reduced triglyceride (125.01 mg dl-1), blood sugar (110.4 mg dl-1), total cholesterol (123.01 mg dl-1) and low density lipoprotein (56.88 mg dl-1) levels compared to sunflower oil ((45.56%), (155.93 mg dl-1), (128.94 mg dl-1), (163.93 mg dl-1) and (83.79 mg dl-1), respectively) following a 8-week trial (P-values < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Large
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Blood Pressure

    However, no significant changes were found regarding weight, blood pressure or serum HDL levels throughout the trial.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Body Weight

    However, no significant changes were found regarding weight, blood pressure or serum HDL levels throughout the trial.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Fasting Blood Glucose Levels

    RBO significantly improved LVEF (51.34%) and reduced triglyceride (125.01 mg dl-1), blood sugar (110.4 mg dl-1), total cholesterol (123.01 mg dl-1) and low density lipoprotein (56.88 mg dl-1) levels compared to sunflower oil ((45.56%), (155.93 mg dl-1), (128.94 mg dl-1), (163.93 mg dl-1) and (83.79 mg dl-1), respectively) following a 8-week trial (P-values < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Level

    Additionally, the test demonstrated that RBO consuming patients had significantly lower levels of serum uric acid (4.60 mg dl-1), TNF-α (6.99 ng L-1) and hs-CRP (2.11 mg L-1) compared to the control group ((5.92 mg dl-1), (15.23 ng L-1), (4.47 mg L-1), respectively) (P-value < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Low-Density Lipoprotein Level

    RBO significantly improved LVEF (51.34%) and reduced triglyceride (125.01 mg dl-1), blood sugar (110.4 mg dl-1), total cholesterol (123.01 mg dl-1) and low density lipoprotein (56.88 mg dl-1) levels compared to sunflower oil ((45.56%), (155.93 mg dl-1), (128.94 mg dl-1), (163.93 mg dl-1) and (83.79 mg dl-1), respectively) following a 8-week trial (P-values < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Large
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Triglyceride Levels

    RBO significantly improved LVEF (51.34%) and reduced triglyceride (125.01 mg dl-1), blood sugar (110.4 mg dl-1), total cholesterol (123.01 mg dl-1) and low density lipoprotein (56.88 mg dl-1) levels compared to sunflower oil ((45.56%), (155.93 mg dl-1), (128.94 mg dl-1), (163.93 mg dl-1) and (83.79 mg dl-1), respectively) following a 8-week trial (P-values < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Large
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

    Additionally, the test demonstrated that RBO consuming patients had significantly lower levels of serum uric acid (4.60 mg dl-1), TNF-α (6.99 ng L-1) and hs-CRP (2.11 mg L-1) compared to the control group ((5.92 mg dl-1), (15.23 ng L-1), (4.47 mg L-1), respectively) (P-value < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Large
    Dose
    30 grams per day
  • rice bran→Reduced Uric Acid Levels

    Additionally, the test demonstrated that RBO consuming patients had significantly lower levels of serum uric acid (4.60 mg dl-1), TNF-α (6.99 ng L-1) and hs-CRP (2.11 mg L-1) compared to the control group ((5.92 mg dl-1), (15.23 ng L-1), (4.47 mg L-1), respectively) (P-value < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    30 grams per day
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