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The impact of flaxseed oil on lipid profiles, weight loss, and inflammatory markers in hemodialysis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

  • 2024-05-10
  • Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy 28(4)
    • Reza Tabrizi
    • Zahra Azizi
    • Sina Bazmi
    • Omid Keshavarzian
    • Maryam Akbari
    • Zeinab Karimimoghadam
    • Abdolreza Haghpanah

Study Design

Type
Meta-Analysis
Population
hemodialysis patients
Methods
systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Studies investigating the effects of flaxseed oil on lipid profiles, weight loss, and inflammatory markers have produced inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to explore the impact of flaxseed oil on these parameters in hemodialysis patients. The study protocol was registered online (PROSPERO number: CRD42023484076). The meta-analyses showed a significant decrease in triglyceride (TG) levels (WMD = -85.78 mg/dL, 95% CI: -155.24 to -16.32, I2 = 98.32%) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (WMD = -2.66 mg/L, 95% CI: -4.07 to -1.24, I2 = 92.26%) following consumption of flaxseed oil. Subgroup analyses revealed significant changes in LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC levels only in trials utilizing a dosage higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil. Based on the results, flaxseed oil improves CRP and TG levels, and higher doses positively affect lipid profiles. However, it has no significant effect on anthropometric measures.

Research Insights

  • Flax→Increased HDL Cholesterol Levels

    Subgroup analyses revealed significant changes in LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC levels only in trials utilizing a dosage higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
  • Flax→Reduced Body Mass Index

    it has no significant effect on anthropometric measures

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
  • Flax→Reduced Body Weight

    it has no significant effect on anthropometric measures

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
  • Flax→Reduced C-Reactive Protein Levels

    and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (WMD = -2.66 mg/L, 95% CI: -4.07 to -1.24, I² = 92.26%)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
  • Flax→Reduced Low-Density Lipoprotein Level

    Subgroup analyses revealed significant changes in LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC levels only in trials utilizing a dosage higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
  • Flax→Reduced Total Cholesterol Levels

    Subgroup analyses revealed significant changes in LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC levels only in trials utilizing a dosage higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
  • Flax→Reduced Triglyceride Levels

    The meta-analyses showed a significant decrease in triglyceride (TG) levels (WMD = -85.78 mg/dL, 95% CI: -155.24 to -16.32, I² = 98.32%)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Large
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
  • Flax→Reduced Waist Circumference

    it has no significant effect on anthropometric measures

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    higher than 10 g per day and using ground flaxseed oil
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