Vitamin D and Reduced HOMA-IR

Research synthesisModerate evidenceSmall effect5 studies · 3 beneficial · 2 neutral · 0 harmful

Across 5 meta-analyses, 3 reported small to moderate beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation on reducing HOMA-IR, while 2 found neutral effects. The beneficial effects were most consistent in clinical populations (patients with diabetes, prediabetes, or MAFLD). The overall evidence suggests a small beneficial effect, though results vary by population and study.

Studied populations: patients with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and overweight/obese children and adolescents

Caveats: Many of the included studies did not reach statistical significance — effect may be smaller than the predominant direction suggests. Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed).

Generated Jun 11, 2026

5 of 5 papersPopulation:

Can vitamin D supplementation affect cardiometabolic factors in children and adolescence with overweight and obesity? A grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- 2025-11-25
- Meta-Analysis · n = 440
- BMC pediatrics 25(1)
- - Amir Hossein Faghfouri
  - Mahsa Mahmoudinezhad
  - Pedram Pam
  - Sanaz Barazandeh
  - Fatemeh Faramarzi
  - Yousef Mohammadpour
  - Vali Musazadeh
  - Shahsanam Gheibi
- PubMed: 41291584
- DOI: 10.1186/s12887-025-05795-2
9 Insights on
- Reduced HOMA-IR
- High evidence
- Children
vitamin D2 showed a greater reduction in HOMA-IR compared to vitamin D3, though the effect was statistically significant (WMD = -0.51, 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.03; p = 0.038)
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Significant
No
Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation on Biochemical, Clinical, and Inflammatory Parameters in Patients with Different Types of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- 2025-09-18
- Meta-Analysis
- Nutrients 17(18)
- - Alejandro Bruna-Mejías
  - Rocío Valdivia-Arroyo
  - Emelyn Sofia Becerra-Rodríguez
  - Ignacio Clasing-Cárdenas
  - Yesica Tatiana Castaño-Gallego
  - Guinevere Granite
  - Mathias Orellana-Donoso
  - Gustavo Oyanedel-Amaro
  - Pablo Nova-Baeza
  - Gloria Cifuentes-Suazo
  - Alejandra Suazo-Santibañez
  - Juan Sanchis-Gimeno
  - Héctor Gutiérrez Espinoza
  - Juan José Valenzuela-Fuenzalida
- PubMed: 41010515
- DOI: 10.3390/nu17182991
13 Insights on
- Reduced HOMA-IR
- High evidence
- Rigorous Journal
- Clinical
supplementation significantly reduced ... HOMA-IR
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Significant
Yes
The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Fasting Plasma Glucose, Insulin Sensitivity, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- 2025-07-30
- Meta-Analysis
- Nutrients 17(15)
- - Enny Probosari
  - Hertanto W Subagio
  - Heri-Nugroho
  - Banundari Rachmawati
  - Siti F Muis
  - Kevin C Tjandra
  - Dwi Adiningsih
  - Tri I Winarni
- PubMed: 40806075
- DOI: 10.3390/nu17152489
6 Insights on
- Reduced HOMA-IR
- High evidence
- Rigorous Journal
- Clinical
at 24-week follow-up in HOMA-IR (MD(-0.38) [CI: -0.53, -0.24])
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Significant
Yes
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- 2026-04
- Meta-Analysis
- The Journal of nutrition 156(4)
- - Bowen Yu
  - Junyan Liu
  - Fangfang Bu
  - Hongli Yan
  - Chen Chen
  - Yanfei Li
  - Yifei Sun
  - Yaqin Wang
  - Junhua Yuan
- PubMed: 41478593
- DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.101314
9 Insights on
- Reduced HOMA-IR
- High evidence
- Clinical
Pooled analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced: ... HOMA-IR (-0.70; 95% CI: -1.23, -0.17)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Significant
Yes
The effect of vitamin D2 on lipid profile, anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and inflammatory and glycemic biomarkers in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- 2024-10
- Meta-Analysis
- Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators 174
- - Zhihong Zhou
  - Jiyuan Liu
  - Hui Zhang
  - Kousalya Prabahar
  - Benjamin Hernández-Wolters
  - Yuanhong Yuan
- PubMed: 39154789
- DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106883
12 Insights on
- Reduced HOMA-IR
- High evidence
a non-statistically significant decrease in ... HOMA-IR (WMD: - 0.10, 95 % CI: - 0.17-0.03, P = 0.002)
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Significant
No
Dose
not specified

Vitamin D and Reduced HOMA-IR

Can vitamin D supplementation affect cardiometabolic factors in children and adolescence with overweight and obesity? A grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation on Biochemical, Clinical, and Inflammatory Parameters in Patients with Different Types of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Fasting Plasma Glucose, Insulin Sensitivity, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

The effect of vitamin D2 on lipid profile, anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and inflammatory and glycemic biomarkers in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.