Across all 6 studies, vitamin D supplementation consistently showed beneficial effects on reducing inflammation, with 5 of 6 reporting statistically significant findings. The predominant effect size was small, though the highest-quality meta-analysis reported a moderate effect (SMD: -0.40, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.32, p < 0.01) in older adults. No consistent dose range or supplement form was identified across studies, and effects were observed in older adults and clinical populations with inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, spinal cord injury).
Caveats: Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed). No studies reported specific dose ranges or supplement forms, and many of the included studies were reviews rather than primary trials. One pilot clinical trial had a very small sample (n=14), limiting its generalizability.
The meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation led to a decrease in inflammation (SMD: -0.40, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.32, p < 0.01)
Across conditions, nutritional supplements such as PUFAs, vitamin D, pomegranate extract, and ginger demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
dietary supplementation including alpha-lipoic acid, creatine, vitamin D, and cranberry-derived supplements and probiotics were mapped as the most promising in prevention of SHC among individuals with SCI.
decreases the ... inflammatory state
High-dose vitamin D₃ has demonstrated benefits in specific populations, including improved bone mineral density, immune homeostasis, glycemic control, and reduced inflammation.
Elevated irisin levels, such as those observed with vitamin D supplementation, could prevent muscle wasting and fat gain in SO by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation.