Across 5 studies, all 5 reported beneficial effects on reducing inflammation, with 4 of 5 statistically significant. The predominant effect size was small, though one meta-analysis showed a moderate reduction in older adults. Most studies focused on elderly populations or patients with inflammatory arthritis.
Caveats: Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed). Most studies are reviews or small trials; well-powered RCTs are needed.
The meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation led to a decrease in inflammation (SMD: -0.40, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.32, p < 0.01)
Across conditions, nutritional supplements such as PUFAs, vitamin D, pomegranate extract, and ginger demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
decreases the ... inflammatory state
High-dose vitamin D₃ has demonstrated benefits in specific populations, including improved bone mineral density, immune homeostasis, glycemic control, and reduced inflammation.
Elevated irisin levels, such as those observed with vitamin D supplementation, could prevent muscle wasting and fat gain in SO by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation.