Coffee, caffeine, and cardiovascular health: navigating risks and benefits-an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
- 2026-05-07
- Meta-Analysis · n = 2
- BMC cardiovascular disorders 26(1)
- Eman E Shaban
- Hussam Elmelliti
- Ahmed Shaban
- Amira Shaban
- Ali Elkandow
- Mohamed Gafar Abdelrahim
- Hany A Zaki
- PubMed: 42098622
- DOI: 10.1186/s12872-026-05693-0
- High evidence
The pooled analysis showed no significant associations between coffee consumption and total CHDs or HF, when comparing the highest and lowest coffee consumption categories (HR: 0.98; p = 0.80 and HR: 1.03; p = 0.62, respectively).
- Effect
- Neutral
- Effect size
- Small
- Significant
- No