Across 4 studies, all reported beneficial effects on reduced inflammation, with effect sizes ranging from small to moderate. A meta-analysis (n=25 RCTs) found a small but statistically significant reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) of -0.99 mg/L. The evidence base is very small and dominated by animal or in vitro studies, limiting applicability to humans.
Caveats: Evidence base is small (only 4 studies) — conclusions should be considered preliminary. Most studies are non-human (animal or in vitro), and the only human-relevant evidence comes from a meta-analysis of postbiotics (not specifically Lactobacillus amylovorus). The meta-analysis reported a small effect on CRP, but direct attribution to Lactobacillus amylovorus is unclear. Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed).
and C-reactive protein (CRP) (-0.99 mg/L)
XOS generated from MBP-BsXynA11 demonstrated both prebiotic and anti-inflammatory activities in human monocytes.
B. subtilis can also reduce the levels of inflammatory factors (CRP, IL-1β, and IFN-γ) and attenuate the inflammatory response in sows and neonatal piglets.
Supplementation with 12.5 mg/kg EGC (LE) significantly improved growth performance, reduced diarrhea incidence (P < 0.05), enhanced mucosal antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001), and strengthened anti-inflammatory ability (P < 0.001).