Across 4 studies, all reported beneficial effects on inflammation. The strongest evidence comes from a meta-analysis of 25 RCTs showing a small but significant reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) (-0.99 mg/L). Three additional studies reported moderate beneficial effects but in animal models (sows, lambs) or cell cultures, and their direct relevance to Lactobacillus amylovorus is uncertain. The predominant effect size is mixed (small from the meta-analysis, moderate from the others). No consistent dose range was identified, and study durations were not consistently reported.
Caveats: Evidence base is small (only 4 studies) — conclusions should be considered preliminary. Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed). Additionally, most studies do not directly investigate Lactobacillus amylovorus but rather other postbiotics or probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, epigallocatechin), and involve non-human populations, limiting applicability to humans. The only human-level evidence aggregates multiple postbiotic types, so benefit specific to Lactobacillus amylovorus is unclear.
and C-reactive protein (CRP) (-0.99 mg/L)
XOS generated from MBP-BsXynA11 demonstrated both prebiotic and anti-inflammatory activities in human monocytes.
B. subtilis can also reduce the levels of inflammatory factors (CRP, IL-1β, and IFN-γ) and attenuate the inflammatory response in sows and neonatal piglets.
Supplementation with 12.5 mg/kg EGC (LE) significantly improved growth performance, reduced diarrhea incidence (P < 0.05), enhanced mucosal antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001), and strengthened anti-inflammatory ability (P < 0.001).