Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, plays several crucial roles in the body¹²:

1. Red Blood Cell Formation:
   Vitamin B12 is essential for the production and maturation of red blood cells. Adequate B12 prevents a type of anemia called megaloblastic anemia, which makes people tired and weak².

2. Neurological Function:
   It is vital for maintaining the health of neurons and myelin (the insulation around nerves). Deficiency can lead to neurological issues such as numbness, tingling in the limbs, and memory problems¹³.

3. DNA Synthesis:
   Vitamin B12 is needed for DNA synthesis and repair, making it crucial for cell reproduction¹².

Foods high in Vitamin B12 include meats, dairy products, and fortified cereals. Some groups at risk of B12 deficiency include older adults, vegetarians, and individuals with gastrointestinal disorders that affect nutrient absorption²⁴.

Adequate intake can be achieved through consuming a variety of animal products or supplements. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for most adults is 2.4 micrograms per day³.

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Footnotes

1. MedlinePlus ↩ ↩² ↩³

2. Mayo Clinic ↩ ↩² ↩³ ↩⁴

3. NIH Office of Dietary Supplements ↩ ↩²

4. NHS ↩