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Beneficial Role of Resveratrol on Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

  • 2025-08-28
  • Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) 32(10)
    • Negar Ajabi Ardehjani
    • Marzieh Agha-Hosseini
    • Maryam Shabani Nashtaei
    • Mahshad Khodarahmian
    • Shadi Sadat Seyyed Ebrahimi
    • Mohammad Hossein Bagheri
    • Farzane Fereidouni
    • Tayebeh Rastegar
    • Fardin Amidi

Study Design

Type
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Population
fifty-six patients with PCOS
Methods
randomly assigned to receive 800 mg/day of resveratrol or placebo for 60 days
Duration
60 days
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder in women. Oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Resveratrol, as a natural polyphenol, has several beneficial therapeutic effects for women with PCOS. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant effect of resveratrol on OS markers in follicular fluid (FF) and granulosa cells (GCs) of patients with PCOS. A total of fifty-six patients with PCOS were randomly assigned to receive 800 mg/day of resveratrol or placebo for 60 days. The main focus was on evaluating OS markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and total thiol (sulfhydryl) content in FF, along with assessing the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) in GCs. Additionally, secondary outcomes included measuring the expression of genes associated with OS responses (Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), catalase (CAT), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2)), as well as the expression of UCP2 protein in granulosa cells. Compared with the placebo group, resveratrol reduced MDA and conversely significantly increased total thiol (P = 0.6694 and P = 0.0318, respectively) in FF. Resveratrol significantly reduced TOS and oxidative stress index (OSI) (P = 0.0299 and P = 0.0144, respectively) and significantly increased TAC (P = 0.0484) in GCs. There were significant increases in CAT and UCP2 expression after resveratrol consumption (P = 0.0158 and P = 0.0004, respectively). Although resveratrol increased Mn-SOD expression (P = 0.0914), its effects were not statistically significant. Resveratrol significantly affected UCP2 protein levels (P = 0.0030). These findings suggested that 60 days of supplementation with 800 mg/day resveratrol improves markers of OS in the FF and GCs of patients with PCOS. Trial registration number: http://www.irct.ir ; IRCT20221106056417N1; 2023 February 09.

Research Insights

  • Resveratrol→Increased Antioxidant Enzyme Levels

    Although resveratrol increased Mn-SOD expression (P = 0.0914), its effects were not statistically significant.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Increased Catalase Expression

    There were significant increases in CAT and UCP2 expression after resveratrol consumption (P = 0.0158 and P = 0.0004, respectively).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Increased Total Serum Antioxidant Capacity

    Resveratrol significantly reduced TOS and oxidative stress index (OSI) (P = 0.0299 and P = 0.0144, respectively) and significantly increased TAC (P = 0.0484) in GCs.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Increased Total Thiol Level

    Compared with the placebo group, resveratrol reduced MDA and conversely significantly increased total thiol (P = 0.6694 and P = 0.0318, respectively) in FF.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Increased Uncoupling Protein 2 Expression

    There were significant increases in CAT and UCP2 expression after resveratrol consumption (P = 0.0158 and P = 0.0004, respectively).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Large
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Increased Uncoupling Protein 2 Level

    Resveratrol significantly affected UCP2 protein levels (P = 0.0030).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Large
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Reduced Malondialdehyde Level

    Compared with the placebo group, resveratrol reduced MDA and conversely significantly increased total thiol (P = 0.6694 and P = 0.0318, respectively) in FF.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Reduced Oxidative Stress Index

    Resveratrol significantly reduced TOS and oxidative stress index (OSI) (P = 0.0299 and P = 0.0144, respectively) and significantly increased TAC (P = 0.0484) in GCs.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    800 mg/day
  • Resveratrol→Reduced Total Oxidant Status

    Resveratrol significantly reduced TOS and oxidative stress index (OSI) (P = 0.0299 and P = 0.0144, respectively) and significantly increased TAC (P = 0.0484) in GCs.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    800 mg/day
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