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Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis HN019 presents antimicrobial potential against periodontopathogens and modulates the immunological response of oral mucosa in periodontitis patients

  • 2020-09-22
  • PLOS ONE 15(9)
    • M. Invernici
    • F. Furlaneto
    • S. Salvador
    • A. Ouwehand
    • S. Salminen
    • Anastasia Mantziari
    • G. Vinderola
    • E. Ervolino
    • S. Santana
    • P. Silva
    • M. Messora

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (HN019) on clinical periodontal parameters (plaque accumulation and gingival bleeding), on immunocompetence of gingival tissues [expression of beta-defensin (BD)-3, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), cluster of differentiation(CD)-57 and CD-4], and on immunological properties of saliva (IgA levels) in non-surgical periodontal therapy in generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) patients. Adhesion to buccal epithelial cells (BEC) and the antimicrobial properties of HN019 were also investigated.

Materials and methods: Thirty patients were recruited and monitored clinically at baseline (before scaling and root planing-SRP) and after 30 and 90 days. Patients were randomly assigned to Test (SRP+Probiotic, n = 15) or Control (SRP+Placebo, n = 15) group. Probiotic lozenges were used for 30 days. Gingival tissues and saliva were immunologically analyzed. The adhesion of HN019 with or without Porphyromonas gingivalis in BEC and its antimicrobial properties were investigated in in vitro assays. Data were statistically analyzed (p<0.05).

Results: Test group presented lower plaque index (30 days) and lower marginal gingival bleeding (90 days) when compared with Control group. Higher BD-3, TLR4 and CD-4 expressions were observed in gingival tissues in Test group than in Control group. HN019 reduced the adhesion of P. gingivalis to BEC and showed antimicrobial potential against periodontopathogens.

Conclusion: Immunological and antimicrobial properties of B. lactis HN019 make it a potential probiotic to be used in non-surgical periodontal therapy of patients with GCP.

Clinical relevance: B. lactis HN019 may be a potential probiotic to improve the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy. Name of the registry and registration number (ClinicalTrials.gov): "Effects of probiotic therapy in the treatment of periodontitis"-NCT03408548.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Bifidobacterium animalisImproved Immunological Response in Gingival TissuesBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalisImproved Periodontal HealthBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalisReduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalisReduced Pathogen Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalisReduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactisImproved Immunological Response in Gingival TissuesBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactisReduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactisReduced Pathogen Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactisReduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis B420Enhanced Immunological Marker ExpressionBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis B420Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis B420Reduced Gingivalis AdhesionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis B420Reduced Plaque IndexBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1Increased CD-4 ExpressionBeneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1Increased Expression of Beta-Defensin 3Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1Increased Expression of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4)Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1Reduced Periodontopathogen ActivityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLC1Reduced Porphyromonas Gingivalis Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS-01Increased CD-4 ExpressionBeneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS-01Increased Expression of Beta-Defensin 3Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS-01Increased Expression of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4)Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS-01Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS-01Reduced Pathogen Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BS-01Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145Reduced Pathogen Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145Reduced Periodontal PathogensBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019Increased CD-4 ExpressionBeneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019Increased Expression of Beta-Defensin 3Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019Increased Expression of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4)Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019Reduced Periodontopathogen ActivityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019Reduced Porphyromonas Gingivalis Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LAFTI B94Increased CD-4 ExpressionBeneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LAFTI B94Increased Expression of Beta-Defensin 3Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LAFTI B94Increased Expression of Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4)Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LAFTI B94Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LAFTI B94Reduced Periodontopathogen ActivityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LAFTI B94Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LAFTI B94Reduced Porphyromonas Gingivalis Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis VK2Elevated Immune Marker ExpressionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis VK2Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis VK2Reduced Gingivalis AdhesionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis VK2Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactisImproved Immunocompetence of Gingival TissuesBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium lactisReduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactisReduced Pathogen Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactisReduced Periodontopathogen ActivityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium lactisReduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis HN019Enhanced CD4 ExpressionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis HN019Enhanced TLR4 ExpressionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis HN019Increased Expression of Beta-Defensin 3Beneficial
Small
Bifidobacterium lactis HN019Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis HN019Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis HN019Reduced Porphyromonas Gingivalis Adhesion to Buccal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis SD-5219Improved Immunocompetence of Gingival TissuesBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium lactis SD-5219Reduced Gingival BleedingBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis SD-5219Reduced Pathogen AdhesionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium lactis SD-5219Reduced Plaque AccumulationBeneficial
Moderate
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