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Effect of green cardamom on lipoproteins, glycemic control and anthropometric parameters: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

  • 2020-06
  • Clinical nutrition ESPEN 37
    • Omid Asbaghi
    • Elham Eslampour
    • Željko Reiner
    • Bita Badehnoosh
    • Fariba Kolahdooz
    • Sajjad Moradi
    • Shahrzad Hashemi Dizaji
    • Zatollah Asemi

Study Design

Type
Meta-Analysis
Population
healthy and/or with disease types
Methods
systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs with cross-over or parallel design, databases searched from inception until 30th July 2019

Introduction

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize all the existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evidence and to evaluate the effects of green cardamom on lipoproteins, glycemic control and anthropometric parameters in healthy and/or with disease types compared with the control.

Method

Two independent authors systematically searched online databases including EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception until 30th July 2019. RCTs complying with the following criteria were included in this meta-analysis: human trials with either cross-over design or parallel design, trials with data on the effects of green cardamom on serum lipoproteins and glycemic control and anthropometric parameters with standard deviation and related 95% confidence interval for the both intervention and placebo groups. The heterogeneity among the included studies was assessed using Cochrane's Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the overall effect size.

Result

Seven trials were included in this meta-analysis. Triglycerides were significantly reduced after cardamom supplementation when compared with the control group. Cardamom intake from 3 small studies resulted in a significant increase in BMI when compared with the control group. However, cardamom supplementation did not have any significant effect on total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose and body weight when compared with the control group.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis demonstrated that green cardamom intake significantly reduced triglycerides levels which may have played an indirect role in improved clinical symptoms in diseases with metabolic disorders.

Research Insights

  • Cardamom→Improved Fasting Plasma Glucose

    Cardamom supplementation did not have any significant effect on...fasting plasma glucose...when compared with the control group.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Cardamom→Increased HDL Cholesterol Levels

    Cardamom supplementation did not have any significant effect on...HDL-cholesterol...when compared with the control group.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Cardamom→Reduced Blood Cholesterol

    Cardamom supplementation did not have any significant effect on total cholesterol...when compared with the control group.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Cardamom→Reduced Body Mass Index

    Cardamom intake from 3 small studies resulted in a significant increase in BMI when compared with the control group.

    Effect
    Harmful
    Effect size
    Small
  • Cardamom→Reduced Body Weight

    Cardamom supplementation did not have any significant effect on...body weight when compared with the control group.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Cardamom→Reduced LDL Cholesterol

    Cardamom supplementation did not have any significant effect on...LDL-cholesterol...when compared with the control group.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Cardamom→Reduced Triglyceride Levels

    Triglycerides were significantly reduced after cardamom supplementation when compared with the control group.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
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