Effect of Irvingia gabonensis on Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Sensitivity, and Insulin Secretion.

2018-06
Journal of medicinal food 21(6)
- Miriam Méndez-Del Villar
- Manuel González-Ortiz
- Esperanza Martínez-Abundis
- Karina G Pérez-Rubio
- Marisol Cortez-Navarrete

PubMed: 29336718
DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0092

Study Design

Type: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Sample size: n = 24
Population: 24 patients with MetS in accordance with the International Diabetes Federation criteria
Methods: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial; 12 patients received I. gabonensis (150 mg) twice a day during 90 days, and 12 patients received placebo
Blinding: Double-blind
Duration: 90 days

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Irvingia gabonensis on metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed in 24 patients with MetS in accordance with the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Twelve patients received I. gabonensis (150 mg) twice a day during 90 days, and 12 patients received placebo. Glucose and insulin concentrations were measured during a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. Also, lipid profile, creatinine, uric acid, and hepatic enzymes were determined. The area under the curve (AUC) of glucose and insulin, total insulin secretion, first phase of insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity were calculated. Data were tested using non-parametric tests. The Ethics Committee approved the protocol. After I. gabonensis administration, significant decreases in waist circumference (WC) (94.0 ± 8.0 vs. 91.0 ± 8.2 cm, P < .01), glucose 90' (10.0 ± 2.5 vs. 8.6 ± 2.7 mmol/L, P < .05), glucose 120' (8.8 ± 2.4 vs. 7.6 ± 2.7 mmol/L, P < .05), triglycerides (2.5 ± 1.2 vs. 2.0 ± 1.1 mmol/L, P < .05), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (0.5 ± 0.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2 mmol/L, P < .05), and AUC of glucose (694 ± 142 vs. 629 ± 172 mmol/L/min, P < .05) were found. Seven patients (58.3%) of the I. gabonensis group showed remission of MetS and two patients (16.7%) of the placebo group (P = .045). I. gabonensis lead to remission of MetS in 58.3% of the patients and significantly decreased WC, glucose 90', glucose 120', triglycerides, VLDL, and AUC of glucose.

Research Insights

African Mango→Improved Insulin Secretion
total insulin secretion, first phase of insulin secretion... were calculated. No significant changes reported for these measures
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Improved Insulin Sensitivity
insulin sensitivity... were calculated. Data were tested using non-parametric tests. After I. gabonensis administration... no significant change is explicitly reported for insulin sensitivity
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Improved Metabolic Syndrome Remission
Seven patients (58.3%) of the I. gabonensis group showed remission of MetS and two patients (16.7%) of the placebo group (P = .045)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Increased Blood Glucose Levels
AUC of glucose (694±142 vs. 629±172 mmol/L/min, P<.05)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced Blood Glucose
glucose 90' (10.0 ± 2.5 vs. 8.6 ± 2.7 mmol/L, P < .05)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced First Phase Insulin Secretion
total insulin secretion, first phase of insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity were calculated. (no significant result reported for these)
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced Glucose Level
glucose 120' (8.8±2.4 vs. 7.6±2.7 mmol/L, P<.05)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced Glucose Post-Challenge
glucose 120' (8.8 ± 2.4 vs. 7.6 ± 2.7 mmol/L, P < .05)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced Low-Density Lipoprotein Level
very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (0.5 ± 0.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.2 mmol/L, P < .05)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced Triglyceride Levels
triglycerides (2.5±1.2 vs. 2.0±1.1 mmol/L, P<.05)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Level
very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) (0.5±0.2 vs. 0.4±0.2 mmol/L, P<.05)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Reduced Waist Circumference
significant decreases in waist circumference (WC) (94.0±8.0 vs. 91.0±8.2 cm, P<.01)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Dose
150 mg twice a day
African Mango→Remission of Metabolic Syndrome
Seven patients (58.3%) of the I. gabonensis group showed remission of MetS and two patients (16.7%) of the placebo group (P=.045)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Dose
150 mg twice a day