Skip to main content
Evidence-Based Supplement Research
Evidence-Based Supplement Research
Pillser
Search
Sign UpLog In

Effect of Vitamin D3, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Exercise on Serum Sclerostin Levels and Bone Turnover Markers.

  • 2024-12-09
  • The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 110(9)
    • Elena Tsourdi
    • Stephanie Gängler
    • Melanie Kistler-Fischbacher
    • Martina Rauner
    • Bess Dawson-Hughes
    • E John Orav
    • Li-Tang Tsai
    • Wei Lang
    • John A Kanis
    • Robert Theiler
    • Andreas Egli
    • Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari
    • Lorenz C Hofbauer

Study Design

Type
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Sample size
n = 1,848
Population
healthy physically active older adults in 5 European countries
Methods
2000 IU/day vitamin D3, 1 g/day omega-3s, and a simple home-based strength exercise program (SHEP), alone or in combination
Blinding
Double-blind
Duration
3 years
Funding
Unclear
  • Large Human Trial

Context

Sclerostin inhibits canonical Wnt signaling, a pathway promoting bone formation. The effects of vitamin D3, omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3s), and exercise on serum sclerostin levels and bone metabolism are unclear.

Objective

To investigate the effects of 2000 IU/day vitamin D3, 1 g/day omega-3s, and a simple home-based strength exercise program (SHEP), alone or in combination, on serum sclerostin and bone turnover marker levels.

Methods

Sclerostin, procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP) and C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTx) levels were predefined secondary outcomes of DO-HEALTH, a double blind, randomized controlled trial in healthy physically active older adults in 5 European countries. Outcome measures were changes in yearly serum sclerostin, P1NP, and β-CTx levels over 3 years, adjusted for age, sex, prior falls, study site, baseline body mass index, and baseline level of the respective outcome.

Results

A total of 1848 participants were included (mean age 74.8 ± 4.4 years, 58.9% women, 41.4% 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL, 83.9% at least moderately physically active at baseline). Vitamin D3 and omega-3s supplementation alone did not change sclerostin levels significantly, while SHEP compared with control exercise (joint mobility) led to greater decrease in sclerostin levels (-1.56 pmol/L [-2.54, -0.58], P = .002). Omega-3s plus SHEP led to a greater decrease in sclerostin levels than no omega-3s/control exercise (-1.93 pmol/L [-3.31, -0.54], P = .007). For P1NP and β-CTx there were no significant effects for any of the individual treatments and treatment combinations.

Conclusion

In this 3-year prevention trial among largely vitamin D replete adults age 70 and older, SHEP alone or in combination with omega-3s reduced serum sclerostin levels, while vitamin D3 and omega-3s alone did not affect serum sclerostin levels.

Research Insights

Back to top