In vitro screening of angiotensin converting enzyme and hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitory activities in lactic acid bacteria and yeasts isolated from fermented sorghum gruels.

2025-06-30
Biotechnologia 106(2)

PubMed: 40703712
DOI: 10.5114/bta/205474

Study Design

Type: Review
Population: lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts isolated from fermented sorghum gruels
Methods: in vitro inhibitory activities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts isolated from fermented sorghum gruels; HMG-CoA reductase and ACE inhibitory activities of the microbial isolates were evaluated using established protocols

Background

3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) are implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperlipidemia and hypertension, which are oxidative-stress linked conditions of public health importance. The adverse effects associated with standard clinical drugs used to inhibit these enzymes have prompted the search for alternative sources. This study was designed to investigate the in vitro inhibitory activities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts isolated from fermented sorghum gruels.

Materials and methods

LAB and yeast isolates were obtained and characterized using standard methods. The HMG-CoA reductase and ACE inhibitory activities of the microbial isolates were evaluated using established protocols.

Results

Screening of LAB for HMG-CoA reductase and ACE inhibitory activities revealed that at concentrations (mg/ml) of 6, 12, 24, and 48, Lactobacillus pentosus WSL5 exhibited the highest %HMG-CoA reductase inhibition of 3.21, 6.42, 9.17, and 12.84, with corresponding ACE inhibitory activities of 6.38, 13.17, 18.13, and 23.47, respectively. At concentrations (mg/ml) of 1, 2, 4, and 8, the yeast isolates Trichomonascus ciferri RSY53 demonstrated %HMG-CoA reductase inhibition of 7.71, 11.47, 14.68, and 16.97, with corresponding ACE inhibitory activities of 11.83, 20.91, 34.73, and 48.28, respectively. Furthermore, L. pentosus WSL5 recorded the lowest HMG-CoA reductase half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 219.72 µg/ml and ACE IC₅₀ of 116.22 µg/ml, while T. ciferri RSY53 had even lower IC₅₀ values of 29.55 µg/ml for HMG-CoA reductase and 7.03 µg/ml for ACE inhibition compared to the controls.

Conclusion

L. pentosus WSL5 and T. ciferri RSY53 can be considered potential starter cultures for the fermentation of functional foods aimed at supporting cardiovascular health.

Research Insights

Supplement	Dose	Health Outcome	Effect Type	Effect Size	Source
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	—	Improved Cardiovascular Health	Beneficial	Small	View source can be considered potential starter cultures for the fermentation of functional foods aimed at supporting cardiovascular health
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	—	Reduced ACE Activity	Beneficial	Small	View source yeast isolates Trichomonascus ciferri RSY53 demonstrated %HMG-CoA reductase inhibition ... with corresponding ACE inhibitory activities of 11.83, 20.91, 34.73, and 48.28
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	—	Reduced HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibition	Beneficial	Small	View source yeast isolates Trichomonascus ciferri RSY53 demonstrated %HMG-CoA reductase inhibition of 7.71, 11.47, 14.68, and 16.97