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Interconnection of the Gut-Skin Axis in NC/Nga Mouse with Atopic Dermatitis: Effects of the Three Types of Bifidobacterium bifidum CBT-BF3 (Probiotics, Postbiotics, and Cytosine-Phosphate-Guanine Oligodeoxynucleotide) on T Cell Differentiation and Gut Microbiota.

  • 2024-11
  • Food science of animal resources 44(6)
    • Gwang Il Kim
    • Hwa Yeong Jeong
    • In Sung Kim
    • Seung Ho Lee
    • Sung Hak Kim
    • Yang Soo Moon
    • Kwang Keun Cho

Study Design

Type
Clinical Trial
Population
NC/Nga mice induced with AD
Methods
2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD mice; oral administration of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum, postbiotic B. bifidum (heat-killed), and CpG ODN
The gut microbiota is an immune system regulator in the gut-skin axis. Dysfunctional interactions between the gut microbiota and the gut immune system can lead to the development of skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Probiotics and postbiotics positively affect the balance of the gut microbiota, immune regulation, protection against pathogens, and barrier integrity. This study investigated the effects of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum, postbiotic B. bifidum (heat-killed), and cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) on the gut microbiota and T cell differentiation in NC/Nga mice induced with AD. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD mice had an increased SCORing atopic dermatitis-index and increased mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) cytokine in their mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs; p<0.05). However, oral administration of the three types of B. bifidum (probiotics, postbiotics, CpG ODN) to AD mice decreased the mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines as well as TSLP cytokine. They increased the mRNA expression levels of regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factor and cytokine, galectin-9, and filaggrin genes (p<0.05). These effects were more noticeable in the mLNs than in the spleen. In addition, AD mice showed a decrease in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia spp., Leuconostoc citreum, Weissella cibaria, and Weissella koreensis (p<0.05). However, oral administration of the three types of B. bifidum increased Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp., F. prausnitzii, and Roseburia spp. (p<0.05).

Research Insights

  • Bifidobacterium bifidum BB-06→Improved Gut Microbiota Composition

    oral administration of the three types of B. bifidum increased Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp., F. prausnitzii, and Roseburia spp. (p<0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Bifidobacterium bifidum BB-06→Improved Immune Function

    decreased the mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines as well as TSLP cytokine... increased the mRNA expression levels of regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factor and cytokine

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Bifidobacterium bifidum BB-06→Reduced Atopic Dermatitis Severity

    oral administration of the three types of B. bifidum (probiotics, postbiotics, CpG ODN) to AD mice decreased the mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines as well as TSLP cytokine. They increased the mRNA expression levels of regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factor and cytokine, galectin-9, and filaggrin genes

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02→Improved Gut Microbiota Composition

    oral administration of the three types of B. bifidum increased Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp., F. prausnitzii, and Roseburia spp. (p<0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02→Improved Immune Function

    decreased the mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines as well as TSLP cytokine... increased the mRNA expression levels of regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factor and cytokine

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02→Reduced Atopic Dermatitis Severity

    oral administration of the three types of B. bifidum (probiotics, postbiotics, CpG ODN) to AD mice decreased the mRNA expression levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors and cytokines as well as TSLP cytokine. They increased the mRNA expression levels of regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factor and cytokine, galectin-9, and filaggrin genes

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
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