Next-generation probiotics and engineered BEVs for precision therapeutics in osteoporosis.

2025-07-01
Frontiers in nutrition 12

PubMed: 40667443
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1581971

Study Design

Type: Review

Osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone density and increased fracture risk, faces limitations with conventional therapies due to adverse effects and poor gut microbiota modulation. Emerging strategies leveraging probiotics and bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) offer novel therapeutic potential by targeting the gut-bone axis. Engineered probiotics and next-generation formulations enhance osteoprotection via immunomodulation, metabolite production (e.g., SCFAs), and neuroendocrine regulation. BEVs, as biocompatible nanocarriers, enable targeted delivery of osteogenic factors while circumventing colonization challenges. Synthetic biology advances facilitate precision engineering of probiotics and BEVs, improving therapeutic efficacy and scalability. This review highlights pre-clinical and clinical progress, challenges in standardization and safety, and future directions for microbiome-based interventions to revolutionize osteoporosis management. Integrating engineered probiotics with BEV technology promises transformative approaches for bone health restoration.

Research Insights

Supplement	Dose	Health Outcome	Effect Type	Effect Size	Source
Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242	—	Improved Blood Lipid Profile	Beneficial	Moderate	View source Consumption of Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 has been associated with reductions in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in human studies.