Across 3 studies, 2 reported beneficial small-sized effects and 1 reported a neutral small-sized effect on reducing gingival index with vitamin C. The only study to reach statistical significance was a narrative review with low evidence quality. The median study duration was 180 days (reported in 1 trial), and populations included adults with periodontal conditions, thin gingival phenotype, or type 2 diabetes.
Caveats: Evidence base is small (only 3 studies) — conclusions should be considered preliminary. Many of the included studies did not reach statistical significance — the observed beneficial trend may be smaller than the direction suggests. Median duration is derived from a single study; effect timing remains uncertain.
No adverse effects were observed, and 92.3% of participants reported high satisfaction.
from: Comparative Evaluation of Vitamin C and Injectable Platelet-rich Fibrin in the Managementlow for PD/GI
Both GI and PI improved significantly over time, with vitamin C showing a trend toward greater GI reduction (p = 0.053)
NBF gel may provide clinical benefits as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy, with reported improvements in plaque and gingival indices