Across 5 review articles, all reported beneficial effects of Lactobacillus salivarius UCC118 on immune function, with effect sizes predominantly small (4 small, 1 moderate). However, none of the studies reported statistically significant findings, and the evidence is entirely from narrative reviews rather than primary clinical trials or meta-analyses.
Caveats: All studies are review articles summarizing general mechanisms or indirect evidence; no direct clinical trials or statistically significant findings for this specific strain and outcome are available. Effects are inferred from broader probiotic research and may not reflect robust evidence for immune function improvement.
strengthen the immune system
another critical role of bacteriocins is their immunomodulatory effect
Lactobacilli comprise an important group of probiotics... [their components] mediate positive effect on the host, such as immunomodulatory... effects.
low- and moderate-intensity exercise has been shown to reduce physiological stress and improve immune function
stimulate/modulate of the immune system