Research synthesisModerate evidenceModerate effect4 studies · 4 beneficial · 0 neutral · 0 harmful
Across 4 randomized controlled trials, all 4 reported beneficial effects of *Lactobacillus paracasei* VPro 224 (specifically strain SD1 in most studies) on reducing salivary levels of mutans streptococci, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large. The most commonly studied population was children (including preschool children), with sample sizes ranging from 40 to 124. Study durations were not consistently reported, precluding a median duration estimate.
- Studied populations: Children (including preschool children aged 1.5–5 years) and healthy young adults (aged 20–26)
Caveats: Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed). Evidence base is small (only 4 studies) — conclusions should be considered preliminary. Doses and forms were not reported in the available studies, limiting the ability to identify specific effective regimens.
Generated May 12, 2026