Across 13 studies, 13 reported beneficial effects of *Lactobacillus rhamnosus* on reduced inflammation, with a predominant moderate effect size. Only 2 studies reached statistical significance, both in animal models, and the evidence is largely from low-quality studies (in vitro, animal, or narrative reviews) rather than high-quality human RCTs. No consistent dose range or study duration was reported across the available evidence.
Caveats: Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed). Many of the included studies did not reach statistical significance — effect may be smaller than the predominant direction suggests. Most studies are in vitro or animal models, and only two human clinical trials are included, one of which lacked a sample size. Dose, form, and duration data are largely missing, limiting practical applicability.
Postbiotics, including bacterial lysates (OM-85 BV, PMBL®), attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness and systemic inflammation.
both probiotics similarly attenuated IS-induced inflammation in vitro and in patients when compared with the placebo
None of the participants had raised plasma-endotoxin levels from baseline to the first and subsequent treatment cycles for their cancers.
Pa JY062 suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17α, and TNF-α) while elevating anti-inflammatory IL-10.
Most studies have studied the administration of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. in children and have shown beneficial effects, such as a reduction in hyperreactivity and inflammation caused by allergens and a decrease in cytokine release, among other beneficial effects.
The fermented supernatant, heat-inactivated bacterial suspension, and cell lysate derived from L. plantarum FS4722 effectively suppressed transcription and expression of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The fermented supernatant exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects, surpassing the reference probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG).
the EPS could decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-1β, and increase anti-inflammatory IL-10
the fermented extracts showed considerably lower NO secretion than the non-fermented extracts at concentrations of 5% and 10%. This indicates the effective anti-inflammatory effects of fermented maca.
They showed significantly fewer pro-inflammatory cytokines and lower gut permeability compared to animals fed without the probiotic.
The mixture of <i>Lactobacillaceae</i> could lower FBG, reduce inflammation, and liver, kidney, and pancreas damage, promote PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and increase the content of SCFAs.
MLFB could dose-dependently inhibit the secretions and intracellular expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, MLFB also suppressed the expressions of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).
Meanwhile, it significantly reduced the levels and expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFNγ), and interleukin-1β (IL1β).
Treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells with the LRCC5314 lysate decreased the levels of the inflammatory factors nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and interferon-γ by 88.5%, 49.3%, 97.2%, and 99.8%, respectively
GEBE significantly ameliorated the HFD-induced hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation by upregulating glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and inhibiting the toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway in white adipose tissue (WAT).
EFEL6901 cells adhered well to colonic epithelial cells and decreased nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. In in vivo experiments, oral administration of EFEL6901 to DSS-induced colitis mice models significantly alleviated the observed colitis symptoms, prevented body weight loss, lowered the disease activity index score, and prevented colon length shortening.