Gut Microbiota: An Immersion in Dysbiosis, Associated Pathologies, and Probiotics.
- 2025-05-07
- Microorganisms 13(5)
- Valentina Origüela
- Alvaro Lopez-Zaplana
- PubMed: 40431257
- DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13051084
The importance of the microbiome, particularly the gut microbiota and its implications for health, is well established. However, an increasing number of studies further strengthen the link between an imbalanced gut microbiota and a greater predisposition to different diseases. The gut microbiota constitutes a fundamental ecosystem for maintaining human health. Its alteration, known as dysbiosis, is associated with a wide range of conditions, including intestinal, metabolic, immunological, or neurological pathologies, among others. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in knowledge about probiotics-bacterial species that enhance health or address various diseases-with numerous studies reporting their benefits in preventing or improving these conditions. This review aims to analyze the most common pathologies resulting from an imbalance in the gut microbiota, as well as detail the most important and known gut probiotics, their functions, and mechanisms of action in relation to these conditions.
Research Insights
| Supplement | Health Outcome | Effect Type | Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Improved Allergic Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Improved Atopic Dermatitis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Improved Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Improved Immune Function | Beneficial | Small |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Reduced Allergy Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Reduced Respiratory Infections | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 | Reduced Severity of Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |