Does Nigella sativa supplementation improve cardiovascular disease risk factors? A comprehensive GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 82 randomized controlled trials.
- 2025-09
- Pharmacological research 219
- Ali Jafari
- Helia Mardani
- Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Zahra Mirzaei Fashtali
- Mohtaram Hashemi
- Matin Abdollahi Yousefabady
- Reihane Javid
- Sahar Golabi
- Bahareh Arghavan
- Vali Musazadeh
- Mahshid Naghashpour
- PubMed: 40714301
- DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107882
Study Design
- Type
- Meta-Analysis
- Sample size
- n = 5,026
- Population
- 5026 participants
- Methods
- systematic review and meta-analysis, comprehensive search of EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases up to August 2024, Cochrane Risk of Bias and GRADE tools
- Duration
- 1 to 48 weeks
Aim
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) supplementation on metabolic and cardiovascular health outcomes.Methods
A comprehensive search of EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases was conducted up to August 2024. Study quality and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tools, respectively.Results
Eighty-two studies, including 79 quantitative and 3 qualitative studies published between 2008 and 2024, involving 5026 participants with interventions ranging from 1 to 48 weeks and doses varying from 200 to 4600 mg/day, were included. N. sativa supplementation significantly improved body fat percentage (BF%), body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), waist circumference (WC), weight, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), postprandial blood glucose (PPBG), quick insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), atherogenic index (AI), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C ratio, TC, triglycerides (TG), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, urea, catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) activity, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).Conclusions
Our findings suggest that N. sativa could be a promising adjunct therapy for improving cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.Research Insights
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... quick insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) activity
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... catalase (CAT)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... skeletal muscle mass (SMM)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... total antioxidant capacity (TAC)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... atherogenic index (AI)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved body fat percentage (BF%)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... body mass index (BMI)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... weight
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... C-reactive protein (CRP)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... creatinine
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... fasting blood sugar (FBS)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... interleukin-6 (IL-6)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... malondialdehyde (MDA)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... mean arterial pressure (MAP)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... postprandial blood glucose (PPBG)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... systolic blood pressure (SBP)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... total cholesterol (TC)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C ratio
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... triglycerides (TG)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... urea
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... waist circumference (WC)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day
N. sativa supplementation significantly improved ... waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 200 to 4600 mg/day