Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurological disease that damages the myelin sheaths insulating nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, disrupting signal transmission and causing symptoms such as muscle weakness, vision problems, and impaired coordination, which can appear in isolated attacks or progressively worsen over time.
Health Outcomes
- Activated Mitophagy Pathway
- Additional Therapeutic Benefits
- Adjusted Immune Function
- Altered CD4+ T-cell Cytokine Levels
- Altered CD4+/CD8+ Ratio
- Altered Chemokine Response
- Altered Endocannabinoid System Function Due to Specific Strain
- Altered Expression of Immune Products
- Altered Expression of Immune-Related Genes
- Altered IFN-γ Levels
- Altered Serum IL-6 Levels
- Altered Serum Immune Protein Levels
- Altered Systemic Immune Response
- Altered T Cell Migratory Behavior
- Altered T Cell Subsets
- Balanced T-Cell Differentiation
- Beneficial Clinical Effects
- Changed Functional Connectivity
- Changed Walking Cadence
- Chronic Immune Activation
- Decreased Composite Scores
- Decreased Immune Response to Influenza Vaccination
- Decreased Naïve CD45RA+ T Helper Cells
- Decreased Peripheral CD3⁺ T Lymphocyte Count
- Decreased Peripheral T Cell Response
- Decreased TNF-α Production in Immune Cells
- Decreased Vastus Medialis Thickness
- Delayed Disease Progression
- Duration of Symptoms
- Elevated IgG1 Levels
- Elevated Interferon-β Levels
- Elevated Interleukin-10 Levels
- Elevated Interleukin-12 Levels
- Elevated Interleukin-17 Levels
- Elevated Serum IFN-γ Levels
- Elevated Serum IL-2 Levels
- Elevated TNF-α Expression Level
- Enhanced Adjuvanticity
- Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion
- Enhanced Antioxidant Capabilities
- Enhanced Autophagy
- Enhanced Cell-Mediated Immunity
- Enhanced Cytokine Production
- Enhanced Functional Traits
- Enhanced IL-12 Production
- Enhanced Immune Cell Activity
- Enhanced Immune Function
- Enhanced Immune Function Post-Cessation
- Enhanced Immune Memory
- Enhanced Immune Modulation
- Enhanced Immune Regulation
- Enhanced Immune Response
- Enhanced Immune Signaling Molecule Production
- Enhanced Immune System Function
- Enhanced Immunogenicity
- Enhanced Immunomodulation
- Enhanced Immunomodulatory Function
- Enhanced Immunoregulatory Function
- Enhanced Immunoregulatory Molecule Activity
- Enhanced Interferon Gamma Production
- Enhanced Interleukin-10 Production
- Enhanced Lymphocyte Proliferation
- Enhanced Neurogenesis in Adults
- Enhanced Neurological Disorder Management
- Enhanced Phenotypic Maturation of Dendritic Cells
- Enhanced Radical Scavenging Ability
- Enhanced Regulatory Immune System Development
- Enhanced Regulatory T Cell Development
- Enhanced Regulatory T Cell Function
- Enhanced Serum ACH50 Activity
- Enhanced Strength
- Enhanced T- and B-Lymphocyte Proliferation
- Enhanced T-Cell Proliferation
- Enhanced T-Cell Response
- Enhanced Tolerance Acquisition
- Enhanced Treg Cell Differentiation
- Enhanced Type 1 Immune Response
- Identification of FDA Approved Drug Target Regulators
- Improved 6-Meter Walk Performance
- Improved 6-minute Walking Distance
- Improved Activities of Daily Living
- Improved Agility Performance
- Improved Agility and Coordination Performance
- Improved Anaerobic Power
- Improved Antigen-Presenting Ability of Dendritic Cells
- Improved Antioxidant Defense
- Improved Ataxia
- Improved Average Power During Leg Press
- Improved Barthel Index
- Improved Barthel Index Score
- Improved Bench Press 1-RM Strength
- Improved Blood-Brain Barrier Function
- Improved Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity
- Improved Brain Activity
- Improved Brain Health
- Improved Cell Survival Rates
- Improved Cell-mediated Immunity
- Improved Cellular Immune Response
- Improved Cellular Immunity
- Improved Central Nervous System Function
- Improved Clinical Disease Activity
- Improved Clinical Outcomes
- Improved Clinical Success
- Improved Cognition
- Improved Cognitive Function
- Improved Cognitive Orientation Function
- Improved Cognitive Performance
- Improved Communication
- Improved Communication Skills
- Improved Constipation Management
- Improved Cytokine Levels
- Improved Cytokine Production
- Improved Cytoprotection During Oxidative Stress
- Improved Daily Activity Participation
- Improved Decision Accuracy
- Improved Dendritic Cell Activation
- Improved Disease Management
- Improved Distance Traveled
- Improved Diversification of B-Cell Populations
- Improved Enjoyment of Life
- Improved Fatigue
- Improved Fatigue Index
- Improved Fatigue Resistance
- Improved Fatigue Symptoms
- Improved Fatigue Threshold
- Improved Fatigue Tolerance
- Improved Fatigue-Associated Features
- Improved Fine Motor Skills
- Improved Five Times Sit-to-Stand Time
- Improved Function Score
- Improved Functional Capacity
- Improved Functional Outcome
- Improved Functional Prognosis
- Improved Functional Recovery
- Improved Gait Speed
- Improved General Activity
- Improved Global Quality of Life
- Improved Glutathione Redox Ratio
- Improved Gross Motor Function
- Improved Health-related Quality of Life
- Improved Humoral Immunity
- Improved IL-10/TNF-α Ratio
- Improved IgG Response to Vaccination
- Improved Imaging Findings
- Improved Immune Activation
- Improved Immune Cell Counts
- Improved Immune Cell Function
- Improved Immune Parameters
- Improved Immune Regulation
- Improved Immune Response in Individuals with Poor Pretreatment
- Improved Immune System Function via JAK-STAT Pathway Activation
- Improved Immune System Maturation
- Improved Immune System Modulation
- Improved Immune Tolerance
- Improved Immune-Related Symptoms
- Improved Immunity Pathways
- Improved Immunoinflammatory Markers
- Improved Immunostimulatory Activity
- Improved Interleukin-10 Levels
- Improved Intestinal Transit
- Improved Isokinetic Strength
- Improved Knee Extensor Strength
- Improved Leg Extension Strength
- Improved Leg Strength
- Improved Lower Body Endurance
- Improved Lower Body Power
- Improved Lower Limb Peak Power
- Improved Lower-Body Muscular Strength
- Improved Maximal Power
- Improved Maximal Walking Performance
- Improved Mini-Mental State Examination Score
- Improved Motor Function
- Improved Motor Speed
- Improved Motor Symptom
- Improved Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms
- Improved Muscle Function Recovery
- Improved Muscle Integrity
- Improved Muscular Endurance
- Improved Natural Killer Cell Function
- Improved Neurodegenerative Disease Symptoms
- Improved Neurodegenerative Disorder
- Improved Neurological Health
- Improved Neurological Symptoms
- Improved Neuromuscular Power
- Improved Neuromuscular Strength
- Improved Neuroplasticity Biomarkers
- Improved Neuroprotection
- Improved Overall Patient Outcomes
- Improved Overall Symptom Relief
- Improved Overall Symptoms
- Improved Oxidative Stress Resistance
- Improved Oxidative Stress Tolerance
- Improved PHA-Induced Cytokine Production
- Improved Passing Performance
- Improved Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) Scores
- Improved Peak Anaerobic Power
- Improved Peak Power
- Improved Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Proliferation
- Improved Photopic Negative Response Amplitude
- Improved Physical Domain Score
- Improved Physical Function
- Improved Physical Mobility
- Improved Physical Performance
- Improved Physical Quality of Life
- Improved Physical Role Limitation
- Improved Physical and Cognitive Performance
- Improved Physical and Psychological Performance
- Improved Power-Related Outcome
- Improved Processing Speed
- Improved Psychomotor Skill
- Improved Quadriceps Function
- Improved Quadriceps Strength
- Improved Quality of Life
- Improved Rate of Force Development
- Improved Reaching Ability
- Improved Reaction Time
- Improved Regulatory T Cell Function
- Improved Remission
- Improved Repetitions to Failure
- Improved Responder Rate
- Improved Secondary Symptoms
- Improved Self-assessed Disability
- Improved Simulated Game Total Completion Time
- Improved Speech Reception Threshold
- Improved Spleen T-Cell Function
- Improved Sprint Power Output
- Improved Standing Balance
- Improved Superoxide Dismutase Activity
- Improved Symptom Control
- Improved Symptom Relief
- Improved Symptoms of Chronic Condition
- Improved Systemic Immune Response
- Improved Systemic Immunity
- Improved T Helper Cell Count
- Improved T Lymphocyte Subset Balance
- Improved T-Cell Cytokine Production
- Improved T-cell Proliferative Response
- Improved Th1 Immunity
- Improved Th1/Th2 Balance
- Improved Therapeutic Potential
- Improved Time to Exhaustion
- Improved Tiredness Symptom Score
- Improved Tolerance
- Improved Transit Time
- Improved Treatment Success
- Improved Treg/Th-17 Balance
- Improved Urinary Frequency
- Improved Vaccine Efficacy
- Improved Visual-Spatial Function
- Improved Visuo-Cognitive Processing
- Improved Walking Ability
- Improved Walking Distance
- Improved Walking Speed
- Improved Working Memory
- Increased Activation of Regulatory T Cells
- Increased Anti-Inflammatory Immune Cell Populations
- Increased Anti-Inflammatory Levels
- Increased Anti-inflammatory Cytokines
- Increased Anti-inflammatory Phenotype in Dendritic Cells
- Increased Anti-inflammatory to Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Ratio
- Increased Antibody Production
- Increased Antioxidant Activity
- Increased Antioxidant Potential
- Increased Apoptosis
- Increased Apoptosis in T Cells
- Increased B Cell Count
- Increased B Cell Populations
- Increased Brain Choline Level
- Increased CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+ T Cell Count
- Increased CD4+CD25+ T Cell Numbers
- Increased CD4-CD8 Ratio
- Increased CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
- Increased CD8 Percentage
- Increased Carnosine Level
- Increased Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels
- Increased Constipation Risk
- Increased Cytokine Production
- Increased Cytokine Production in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
- Increased Cytokine Response
- Increased Expression of Activation Markers on NK Cells
- Increased Fatigue Threshold During Exercise
- Increased Foxp3 Protein Levels
- Increased Foxp3+ to IL-10 Ratio
- Increased Functional Capacity
- Increased GSH/GSSG Ratio
- Increased Glutathione Disulfide Ratio
- Increased Glutathione Level
- Increased Glutathione Peroxidase Levels
- Increased Helper T Cell Activation
- Increased IFN-gamma Secretion from Naïve T Cells
- Increased IFN-γ Levels
- Increased IFN-γ to IL-4 Ratio
- Increased IL-12 Levels
- Increased IL-12 Production
- Increased IL-12 Production in Splenocytes
- Increased IL-2 Secretion
- Increased IL-6 Levels in Early Phase
- Increased Immune Activation without Cytotoxicity
- Increased Immune Cell Presence
- Increased Immune Factor Levels
- Increased Immune Marker Activation
- Increased Immune Marker Levels
- Increased Immunosuppressive Cytokine Production
- Increased Interferon Beta Levels
- Increased Interferon-Alpha Production
- Increased Interferon-Gamma Levels
- Increased Interleukin 12 Secretion from Dendritic Cells
- Increased Interleukin-10 Levels
- Increased Interleukin-10 Production
- Increased Interleukin-12 Production
- Increased Interleukin-12p40 Production
- Increased Interleukin-2 Production
- Increased Length
- Increased Lesion Detection Rate
- Increased Lymphocyte Proliferation
- Increased Memory T Cell Frequency
- Increased Monocarboxylic Acid Transporter mRNAs
- Increased Myo-Inositol Level
- Increased Natural Killer Cell Frequency
- Increased Natural Killer T Cells
- Increased Need for Repeated Dosing
- Increased Nerve Growth Factor Level
- Increased Nitric Oxide Secretion
- Increased Nrf2 Level
- Increased Number of Persistent Diseased Sites
- Increased Peripheral Blood B Cell Frequency
- Increased Plasma Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Levels
- Increased Plasma Immunoglobulin Levels
- Increased Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-6
- Increased Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production
- Increased Production of Anti-inflammatory Cytokine IL-10
- Increased Proportion of Activated T Lymphocytes
- Increased Proportion of CD45R+ B-cells
- Increased Proportion of Responders
- Increased Proportion of T Lymphocytes
- Increased Regulatory T Cell Count
- Increased Regulatory T Cell Expansion
- Increased Regulatory T Cell Induction
- Increased Regulatory T Cell Populations
- Increased Regulatory T Cell Response
- Increased Regulatory T-Cells
- Increased Relative Weight of Immune Organs
- Increased Serine Level
- Increased Serum Immunoglobulins
- Increased Serum Interferon-Beta Level
- Increased Specific Antibody Production
- Increased Specific IgG Levels
- Increased Superoxide Dismutase Levels
- Increased T Cell Activation
- Increased T-cell Proliferation at 12 Months
- Increased T-helper Type 1 Cytokine Concentrations
- Increased TNF-alpha Levels in Macrophages
- Increased TNF-α Production
- Increased Th1-Associated Cytokine Release
- Increased Th17 Polarization
- Increased Thiol Level
- Increased Time in Bed
- Increased Time to Exhaustion
- Increased Tolerability
- Increased Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells
- Increased Total Serum Antioxidant Capacity
- Increased Treg Cell Fraction
- Increased Type I Interferon Production
- Increased Walking Speed
- Induced Th1 Cytokines
- Influenced Systemic Immune Response
- Long-Lasting Immunomodulatory Effects After Weaning
- Maintained Cognitive Function
- Maintained Immune Homeostasis
- Maintained Physical Condition
- Modified Resting-State Brain Connectivity
- Modulated Cytokine Production
- Modulated Dendritic Cell Function
- Modulated Endocannabinoid System
- Modulated Host Immune Response
- Modulated Host Response
- Modulated Humoral Inflammation
- Modulated Immune Cell Activity
- Modulated Immune Markers
- Modulated Immune Response
- Modulated Immune Tolerance
- Modulated Immunologic Response
- Modulated Inflammatory Cytokine Levels
- Modulated Innate Immune Response
- Modulated Lymphocyte Populations
- Modulated Multiple Sclerosis-Related Dysbiosis
- Modulated Peripheral Immune Response
- Modulated Systemic Immune Response
- Modulated Systemic Th1/Th2 Balance
- Nervous System Dysfunction in Host
- Neuroprotection in Neurodegenerative Diseases
- No Apoptosis in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
- No Clear Effect on Depression
- No Difference in Adverse Events
- No Increase in Fecal Incontinence
- No Significant Impact on Bacterial Community Composition or Diversity
- No Significant Improvement in Locomotor Activity
- Persistent Fatigue
- Post-Vaccinal Immunostimulatory Effect
- Preserved Wheel-Running Activity
- Prevention of Neurological Disorders
- Protection Against Oxidative Stress
- Rebalanced Th1/Th2/Th17 Cell Ratios
- Reduced Accommodation Variability
- Reduced B Lymphocyte Proliferation
- Reduced Brain Atrophy
- Reduced Brain Inflammation
- Reduced Brain Oxidative Stress
- Reduced CD25+ Cells
- Reduced CD28 Expression Loss in CD8+ T Cells
- Reduced Cadence
- Reduced Central Nervous System Symptom Severity
- Reduced Chemokine Production
- Reduced Choking Index
- Reduced Clinical Relapse Rates
- Reduced Cognitive Fatigue
- Reduced Cognitive Function
- Reduced Composite Symptom Score
- Reduced Constipation
- Reduced Constipation Symptoms
- Reduced Cytokine Secretion in Dendritic Cells
- Reduced Days with Defecation Urgency
- Reduced Dendritic Cell Function
- Reduced Disability
- Reduced Disability Rate
- Reduced Disease Activity
- Reduced Disease Progression
- Reduced Disease Severity
- Reduced Disease Symptoms
- Reduced Dysphagia
- Reduced Dysphagia Symptom Score
- Reduced Episode Frequency
- Reduced Exercise-Induced Biochemical Markers
- Reduced Fall Risk
- Reduced Fatigue
- Reduced Fatigue Index
- Reduced Fatigue Levels
- Reduced Fatigue Severity
- Reduced Free Radical Levels
- Reduced Glial Cell Activation
- Reduced Heat Intolerance
- Reduced Heat Stress
- Reduced Histopathological Damage
- Reduced IFN-γ Levels
- Reduced IFN-γ in Serum
- Reduced IL-6 Production
- Reduced Immune Activation
- Reduced Immune Cell Infiltration
- Reduced Immunological Pathway Activity in Antigen Presentation
- Reduced Inflammation Levels
- Reduced Inflammation in Dendritic Cells
- Reduced Inflammatory Biomarker Level
- Reduced Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion from Activated T Cells
- Reduced Inflammatory Cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6)
- Reduced Inflammatory Factor Production
- Reduced Inflammatory Immune Mediators
- Reduced Inflammatory Injury
- Reduced Inflammatory Markers
- Reduced Inflammatory Molecules
- Reduced Inflammatory Pathways
- Reduced Inflammatory Processes
- Reduced Inflammatory Protein Activation
- Reduced Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
- Reduced Interferon-Gamma Production
- Reduced Interleukin-10 Levels
- Reduced Interleukin-22 Level
- Reduced Lesion Size
- Reduced Levels of Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines
- Reduced Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α)
- Reduced Locomotor Impairment
- Reduced Low-Grade Inflammation
- Reduced Lysophosphatidylethanolamine Level
- Reduced M1 Macrophage Population
- Reduced MCP-3 Level
- Reduced Malonaldehyde Levels
- Reduced Mental Fatigue
- Reduced Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Level
- Reduced Mononuclear Infiltration in CNS
- Reduced Multiple Sclerosis Symptom Severity
- Reduced Muscular Endurance
- Reduced N-acetylaspartate Level
- Reduced Naïve CD45RA+ Th Cell Count
- Reduced Neurodegenerative Disease-Related Dysfunction
- Reduced Neurogenic Pain
- Reduced Neuroinflammation
- Reduced Neuroinflammatory Markers
- Reduced Neurological Symptoms
- Reduced Neuronal Death
- Reduced Neurotoxicity
- Reduced New Lesion Formation
- Reduced Overall Symptoms
- Reduced Oxidative Damage
- Reduced Oxidative Stress Marker
- Reduced Oxidative Stress Marker Level
- Reduced Oxidative Stress Markers
- Reduced Oxidative Tissue Injury
- Reduced Physical Fatigue
- Reduced Plasma IgG Production
- Reduced Pro-Inflammatory Cells
- Reduced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-15 Levels
- Reduced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
- Reduced Pro-inflammatory Biomarker Level
- Reduced Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Levels
- Reduced Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in LPS-stimulated Cells
- Reduced Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Release
- Reduced Pro-inflammatory Effect
- Reduced Proinflammatory Profile
- Reduced Proinflammatory Signaling
- Reduced Proinflammatory/Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Ratios
- Reduced Proliferation of CD4(+) T Cells
- Reduced Psychological Fatigue
- Reduced Rating of Perceived Exertion
- Reduced Reaction Time
- Reduced Relapse Rate
- Reduced Response Time
- Reduced Response Time on Flanker Task
- Reduced Risk of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
- Reduced Salivary Gamma-Interferon Levels
- Reduced Serious Adverse Events
- Reduced Serum BDNF Levels
- Reduced Serum IL-16 Levels
- Reduced Serum Inflammatory Factors
- Reduced Serum Kynurenine Levels
- Reduced Simple Reaction Time
- Reduced Skin Sensitivity
- Reduced Steroid Load
- Reduced Swimming Time
- Reduced T Cell Proliferation
- Reduced T Cell Responsiveness
- Reduced T-Effector Memory Cell Activity
- Reduced TH17 Response
- Reduced TNF-α Concentration
- Reduced Th1/Th2 Ratio
- Reduced Th17 Cell Fraction
- Reduced Thermal Pain Sensation
- Reduced Thymus and Activation-Regulated Chemokine Level
- Reduced Urinary Urgency
- Reduced Walking Time
- Regulated Cytokine Levels
- Regulated Immune Response
- Regulated Microglial Activation
- Regulated Oxidative Stress
- Regulated Tryptophan Metabolism
- Reproduced Protective Effect via Extracellular Vesicles
- Restored Regulatory T Cell Population
- Restored T-Cell Population
- Restored Th1/Th2 Cytokine Balance
- Restored Treg Cell Population in MLNs
- Stabilized Cell Membranes
- Stabilized Cytokine Levels
- Stabilized Disease Progression
- Stabilized Natural Killer Cell Activity
- Stabilized Neurofilament Light Chain Level
- Stable Long-Term Function
- Stimulation of Immune Cells
- Th1 Polarized Immune Response Through Activation of moDCs
- Unchanged Heat Shock Protein Levels
- Unchanged IFN-γ Levels
- Worsened Autoimmune Manifestations