5 Insights on

• Improved Growth Performance
• Reduced Inflammation Levels
• Enhanced Disease Resistance
• Reduced Inflammatory Blood Markers
• Enhanced Resistance to E. coli

7 Insights on

• Improved Insulin Sensitivity
• Increased Survival Time
• Reduced Hepatic Fat Accumulation
• Increased Fatty Acid Oxidation
• Delayed Skin Aging
• Improved Fatty Acid Oxidation
• Reduced Fatty Acid Synthesis

2 Insights on

• Reduced Intestinal Inflammation
• Reduced IL-8 Production

4 Insights on

• Improved Insulin Sensitivity
• Improved Immunomodulation
• Improved Gut Integrity
• Attenuated Hepatic Disorders

6 Insights on

• Reduced Sore Throat Severity
• Reduced Adhesion of Streptococcus pyogenes to Human Cells
• Reduced Invasion of Human Epithelial Pharyngeal Cells by Streptococcus pyogenes
• Reduced Viral Load in Epithelial Cells
• Inhibited Streptococcus Pyogenes Invasion
• Reduced Viral Infection

4 Insights on

• No Significant Reduction in URTI Incidence
• Reduced URTI Symptoms
• Reduced Incidence Rate of URTIs
• Reduced Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Symptoms

7 Insights on

• Reduced Immune Cell Infiltration
• Reduced Alveolar Bone Resorption
• Reduced Periodontal Inflammation
• Reduced Gingival Inflammation
• Increased Expressions of β-Defensins
• Improved Alveolar Bone Resorption
• Reduced Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans Levels

3 Insights on

• Improved Immune Response
• Improved Growth Performance
• Enhanced Disease Resistance

6 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Colitis Severity
• Reduced Proinflammatory Cytokine Production
• Increased Bone Volume
• Reduced Colitis-Associated Weight Loss
• Reduced Disease Activity Index Scores

3 Insights on

• Improved Quality of Life
• Reduced IBS Severity
• Improved Satisfaction

3 Insights on

• Improved Epithelial Integrity
• Reduced Vaginal Pathogen Load
• Reduced Vaginal Inflammation

7 Insights on

• Reduced Pathogenic Bacteria
• Reduced Nosocomial Infection Rate
• Maintained Gut Microbiome Homeostasis
• Reduced Gastric Cancer Pathogen Effectiveness
• Increased Effectiveness Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
• Reduced Transmission of Antibiotic-Resistant Genes
• Reduced Antimicrobial Resistance

4 Insights on

• Enhanced Disease Resistance
• Improved Gut Health
• Improved Antioxidant Activity
• Reduced Pathogen Activity

2 Insights on

• Reduced Hard Stool Incidence
• Improved Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms

6 Insights on

• Reduced Enteric Virus Infection Rates
• Increased Birth Length
• Reduced Viral Infection Incidence
• No Change in Vaccine Responses
• No Change in Nutritional Status
• Reduced Intestinal Colonization

2 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Proinflammatory Cytokines Gene Transcription

3 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Function
• Reduced Intestinal Inflammation
• Improved Intestinal Histology

1 Insight on

• Improved Gut Health

8 Insights on

• Improved Insulin Sensitivity
• Reduced Inflammation Levels
• Reduced Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Levels
• Improved Serum Lipids
• Reduced Fasting Blood Sugar Levels
• Reduced Insulin Levels
• Reduced Fasting Blood Glucose Levels
• Reduced Glucagon Pathway Activity

4 Insights on

• Improved Immune Function
• Improved Total Antioxidant Status
• Improved Hematological Parameters
• Improved Immune Response to Vaccination

2 Insights on

• Reduced Crying Duration
• Reduced Fecal Calprotectin

1 Insight on

• Increased Sulfite Tolerance

2 Insights on

• Restored Microbial Community Structure in Upper Respiratory Tract
• Regulated Systemic Immune Response Imbalance

1 Insight on

• No Human Health Outcome Reported

7 Insights on

• Reduced Inflammation Levels
• Reduced Serum Creatinine Levels
• Improved Gut Integrity
• Reduced TNF-α Levels
• Reduced Proteinuria Levels
• Reduced Kidney Fibrosis
• Reduced Levels of Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins

18 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Hepatic Oxidative Stress
• Reduced Inflammatory Response
• Improved Intestinal Barrier Integrity
• Reduced Intestinal Inflammation
• Reduced Inflammation Levels
• Improved Abundance of Beneficial Bacteria
• Reduced Harmful Gut Bacteria
• Enhanced Intestinal Immunity
• Improved Gut Microbiome Composition
• Improved Gut Microflora
• Reduced Oxidative Damage
• Reduced Harmful Gut Microbiota
• Improved Beneficial Intestinal Bacteria
• Reduced Bacterial Levels
• Reduced Harmful Intestinal Bacteria
• Reduced Oxidative Damage in Intestinal Tissue
• Enhanced Gut Flora Composition

1 Insight on

• No Human Health Outcome Reported

13 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Subjective Academic Stress
• Reduced Stress-Induced Hyperpermeability
• Reduced Subjective Stress Levels
• Absence of Adverse Effects
• Reduced Perceived Stress
• No Change in Abnormal Intestinal Permeability
• Reduced Stress Markers
• No Change in Objective Stress Markers
• Reduced Stress-Induced Intestinal Permeability to Mannitol
• Reduced Stress-Induced Anxiety
• Reduced Stress-Induced Intestinal Hyperpermeability
• Maintained Small Intestinal Permeability

3 Insights on

• Reduced Duration of Diarrhea
• Reduced Diarrhea Frequency
• No Change in Diarrhea Duration

7 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Increased Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production
• Enhanced Intestinal Immunity
• Modulated Gut Microbiota
• Increased Cytokine Secretion
• Protection Against Oxidative Stress
• Improved Systemic Immunity