3 Insights on

• Reduced Neuroinflammation
• Reduced Depression Symptoms
• Increased IPA Levels

4 Insights on

• Improved Gut Microbiota Composition
• Reduced Intestinal Inflammation
• Reduced Kidney Fibrosis
• Improved Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes

3 Insights on

• Altered Gut Microbial Community
• Reduced Bitter-Related Organic Acids
• Increased Flavor-Related Free Amino Acids

2 Insights on

• Reduced Inflammation
• Reduced Immune Cell Activity

3 Insights on

• Improved Gut Microbiota Composition
• Reduced Intestinal Tissue Injury
• Reduced Food Allergy Symptoms

4 Insights on

• Improved Oxidative Status
• Improved Oxidative Stress Resistance
• No Improvement in Growth Performance
• Lack of Protection of Intestinal Morphology Against DON

4 Insights on

• Increased Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production
• Reduced Inflammation
• Altered Bile Acid Metabolism
• Improved Glycemia

1 Insight on

• Increased Folate Bioavailability

1 Insight on

• Strain-Specific Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum Quantification

2 Insights on

• Increased Antioxidant Activity
• Increased Asparagine Levels

4 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Intestinal Inflammation
• Improved Growth Performance
• Increased Antioxidant Capacity

4 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Uric Acid Levels
• Reduced Intestinal Inflammation
• Increased Uric Acid Excretion

3 Insights on

• Improved Gut Microbiota Composition
• Reduced Inflammation
• Reduced Atherosclerosis

1 Insight on

• Reduced Recurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis

1 Insight on

• Enhanced Immune Response

6 Insights on

• Reduced Hepatic Steatosis
• Reduced Metabolic Endotoxemia
• Improved Glucose Metabolism
• Improved Gut Barrier Function
• Reduced Weight Gain and Fat Mass
• Reduced Circulating Endotoxin

3 Insights on

• Improved Palatability and Textural Quality
• Increased Resistant Starch
• Reduced Rapidly Digestible Starch

2 Insights on

• Increased Fumaric Acid Production
• Simultaneous 4-Vinyl Guaiacol Production

1 Insight on

• Improved Storage Viability

2 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Liver Injury

2 Insights on

• Reduced Cytotoxicity
• Improved Antioxidant Activity

4 Insights on

• Reduced Pathogen Growth
• Improved Probiotic Safety
• No Mutagenic Effects
• Induced Immunomodulatory Effects

3 Insights on

• Improved Stability of Gut Microbiota
• Adverse Safety Concern from Antimicrobial Resistance
• No Efficacy in Cats

3 Insights on

• Reduced Oxidative Stress
• Improved Bile Acid Metabolism
• Improved Gut Barrier Function

1 Insight on

• Reduced Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Activity

8 Insights on

• Improved Intestinal Barrier Function
• Reduced Intestinal Inflammation
• Improved Growth Performance
• Enhanced Digestive Enzyme Activity
• Improved Total Antioxidant Status
• Reduced Apoptosis
• Reduced Parasite Larval Burden
• No Sustained Protective Effect

1 Insight on

• Enhanced Disease Resistance

2 Insights on

• Reduced Body Mass Index
• Reduced Fasting Blood Glucose Levels

3 Insights on

• Reduced Hepatic Inflammation Markers
• Reduced Liver Fibrosis
• Reduced Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation

1 Insight on

• Increased Antibacterial Activity Against Pathogens