1 Insight on

• Successful Gastrointestinal Tract Colonization

8 Insights on

• Reduced Incidence of Colon Cancer
• Improved Lactose Digestion
• Reduced Incidence of Pediatric Diarrhea
• Decreased Blood Toxic Amines Levels
• Reduced Colon Cancer Risk
• Reduced Toxic Amine Levels in Dialysis Patients
• Reduced Aberrant Crypt Formation
• Reduced Levels of Toxic Amines

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• Reduced Bloating
• Increased Total Fecal Carboxylic Acids
• Improved Immunological Status of Mucosa
• Reduced Blood Fibrinogen Concentrations

1 Insight on

• Reduced Humoral Immunity to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

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• Reduced Uropathogenic Bacterial Adhesion

15 Insights on

• Reduced Total Cholesterol Levels
• Reduced Low-Density Lipoprotein Level
• Reduced LDL Cholesterol
• Reduced Cholesterol Levels
• Reduced Serum Total Cholesterol Levels
• Reduced Serum Triglyceride Levels
• Increased Excretion of Acidic Steroids in Feces
• Increased Fecal Acidic Steroid Levels
• Reduced Bile Acid Levels
• Reduced High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol
• Reduced Bile Acid Reabsorption
• Increased Urinary Excretion of Acidic Steroids
• Reduced Coliform Counts
• Elevated Fecal Acidic Steroid Levels
• Reduced Fecal Coliform Count

1 Insight on

• Reduced Clinical Relapse Rates

7 Insights on

• Improved Overall Health Status
• Maintained General Health
• No Adverse Health Effects
• Improved Hematological Parameters
• Improved Blood Biochemistry
• Improved Gut Mucosal Histology
• Increased Bacterial Translocation

4 Insights on

• Improved Cell Survival Rates
• Reduced Pathogen Translocation to Visceral Tissues
• Enhanced Lymphocyte Proliferation
• Increased Intestinal Mucosal Anti-Salmonella Typhimurium Antibody Titers

1 Insight on

• Reduced Salmonella-Induced Interleukin-8 Production

8 Insights on

• Increased PMN Cell Phagocytic Capacity
• Enhanced Interferon Gamma Production
• Enhanced T-Cell Proliferation
• Improved Phagocytic Activity
• Improved Specific Antibody Response
• Enhanced B-Cell Proliferation
• Improved T-cell Proliferative Response
• Enhanced Spleen Cell Proliferative Response

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• Reduced Bacterial Translocation
• No Adverse Health Effects

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• Reduced Urogenital Infections

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• Increased Abundance of Bifidobacterium animalis
• Improved Intestinal Health from Zinc Deficiency Prevention

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• Reduced Recurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis
• Reduced Incidence of Gonorrhea

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• Increased Fecal Bifidobacteria Levels
• Improved Survival of Probiotic Bacteria
• Reduced Coliform Bacteria Levels

2 Insights on

• Improved Stool Consistency
• Reduced Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

4 Insights on

• Successful Gastrointestinal Tract Colonization
• Reduced Salmonella enteritidis Colonization
• Increased Need for Repeated Dosing
• Requirement for Sustained Dosage in Gastrointestinal Tract

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• Increased Fecal Propionic Acid Levels
• Increased Valerate Concentration
• Reduced Acetate to Propionate Ratio
• Increased Production of Acetate

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• Reduced Occurrence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
• Reduced Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
• Reduced Plasma Endotoxin Concentration
• Reduced Plasma LPS Levels

2 Insights on

• Elevated Ceramide Levels in Skin
• Improved Lipid Barrier Function

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• Increased Respiratory Burst Activity
• Improved Phagocytic Activity

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• Reduced Survival of Listeria innocua
• Increased Lethality of Escherichia coli in Acidic Conditions

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• Reduced Serum Cholesterol Levels
• Reduced Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

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• Increased Colonic Transepithelial Resistance
• Protection of Colonic Mucosa from C. difficile Toxins
• Reversed Toxin-Induced Inhibition of Protein Synthesis in Colonic Cells

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• No Improvement in Lactose Malabsorption Symptoms

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• Improved Degradability of Acid Detergent Fiber
• Increased Nitrogen Degradation Postprandially

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• Increased Fecal Lactobacillus reuteri Levels
• Good Tolerance to Lactobacillus Reuteri
• No Significant Safety Parameter Changes
• Reduced Faecal Levels of Total Lactobacillus Species
• No Clinically Significant Safety or Tolerance Issues
• Improved Tolerance
• Maintained Clinical Safety Parameters
• Tolerance of Probiotic in Immunocompromised Individuals

2 Insights on

• Reduced Inflammatory Response
• Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization

4 Insights on

• Reduced Interleukin-4 Production
• Reduced Ovalbumin-Specific IgE Production
• Increased Interleukin-12 Production
• Increased Antigen-Specific IgG1 Levels